Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 33, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The differences and similarities in the bacteriophage lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle.
Introduction:
A virus is an infectious agent that consists of a
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Students have asked these similar questions
a. Which type of viruses can be directly used for translation?
a)
dsRNA
b)
Positive ssRNA
c)
Retroviruses
d)
Negative ssRNA
b.
An antiviral drug specifically modifies viral receptors on a eukaryotic host cell. How might this affect the viral reproductive cycle?
It would enhance the process of viral apoptosis
It would result in the degeneration of the viral capsid
It would facilitate the process of viral endocytosis
It would prevent the virus from attaching to the host cell
. Disabling surface protease enzymes on lung cells would most likely interfere with what stage of viral
reproduction?
A). Viral RNA replication.
B). Virus binding to the host cell.
C). Formation of new virus membranes in the host cell.
D). Creation of new spike protein.
Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest
stages: I. Synthesis, II. Assembly. II. Attachment, IV. Release, V. Entry
O 1) III, II, V, I, IV
2) I, II, III, V, IV
O 3) v, III, II, IV, I
O4) 1, III, V, II, Iv
O 5) III, V, I, II, IV
Chapter 33 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 33 - 1. What do host cells provide for viruses?
a....Ch. 33 - 2. What does reverse transcriptase do?
Ch. 33 - 4. What features distinguish the seven major...Ch. 33 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 33 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 33 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 33 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 33 - Which of the following types of viruses would you...
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- List three differences between the structure of HIV and the virus that causes influenza. For one of these differences, explain how the STRUCTURE is key to the FUNCTION of the virus.arrow_forward1. Precise words:Find the nonspecific terms in the following sentences. Replace the nonspecific choices with more preciseterms or phrases (It is not necessary to change the sentence structure).(i) All OVE mutants showed enhanced iP concentrations.(ii) Plants were kept in the cold overnight.(iii) To provide proof of concept for our hypothesis, we studied a virus in its host cell.(iv) The present paper reports on continuing experiments that were performed to clarify thissurprising effect.(v) The first transition state is a little lower in energy than the second transition state. 2. Simple words:Improve the word choice in the following examples by replacing the underlined terms or phrases withsimpler word choices (do not change the sentence structure).(i) These data substantiate our hypothesis.(ii) The difference in our results compared to those of Reuter et al. (1995) can be accounted forby the fact that different conditions were used.(iii) For the purpose of discussing cell migration we…arrow_forwardA viral particle adsorbs onto a host cell membrane. It uncoats and releases its single-stranded nonsegmented nucleic acid into the cytoplasm where it is immed dependent RNA polymerase, into mRNA. It is then translated into viral structural proteins and enzymes. Which of the following virus families is most likely repre A) Herpesviridae B) Paramyxoviridae C) Parvoviridae D) Reovirius E) Retroviridaearrow_forward
- Define the terms "latency" and "lysogeny" as they refer to viruses. Describe at least TWO ways these two processes are similar. Describe at least TWO ways these two processes are different.arrow_forwardA particular animal virus requires the use of DNA polymerase from its host, since it does not possess its own DNA polymerase enzyme. Which of the following assumptions in A-D would likely be correct regarding this virus? A) O This virus could not be a retrovirus type. B) OIt could be a (-) ss RNA virus. C) O It could be a (+) ss RNA virus. D) O The vVirus life cycle very likely includes going to the host cell nucleus. E) O All ofA-D are correct assumptions.arrow_forwardAnswer the following regarding the varicella-zoster virus: a) the biology of the virus ( type: DNA/RNA type: single or double stranded) b) how it replicates c) life cycle of the virus (binding, fusion, reverse transcription, integration, replication, and assembly)arrow_forward
- In electron micrographs of HSV infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with cell-surface proteoglycans, then with specific receptors. This is later followed by viral capsids docking with nuclear pores. Afterward, the capsids go from being full to being "empty." Which of the following statements best fits these observations? The viral envelope is not required for infectivity, since the envelope does not enter the nucleus. The viral envelope mediates entry into the cell, the capsid mediates entry into the nuclear membrane, and the genome is all that enters the nucleus. Only the genetic material of the virus is involved in the cell's infectivity, and is injected into the host cell like the genome of a phage. Viral capsids are needed for the cell to become infected; since the full capsids enter the nucleus.arrow_forwardA virophage is best descirbed as:(a) A bacteriophage that requires a helper virus(b) An animal virus that can also infect bacteria(c) A giant virus(d) A phage that is used therapeutically to treat bacterialinfections(e) A satellite virus that inhabits its helper virus (i.e., itshost virus)arrow_forwardwe can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by preventing/inhibiting: A) fusion of the envelope and the plasma membrane B) replication and expression of viral nucleic acid/genome C) the virus's attachment molecules from binding to the host cell receptor D) new copies of viral nucleic acid from combining with newly made viral proteins E)buddingarrow_forward
- As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason is that some viruses use RNA as their genetic material instead of DNA. Which of the five biological themes does this violate? Briefly explain why.arrow_forwardCoronaviruses have a positive-sense single stranded RNA genome. a.) What is the genome replication strategy of this category of viruses? b.) How do you think this feature affects the stability of the viral genome? (hint use figure below) Mutation rates in different types of viruses. Estimates obtained for viruses belonging to the major indicated groups are shown as a function of genome size. This reveals an effect of genetic material (RNA/DNA) and genome size on viral mutation rates.arrow_forwardYou have been hired by a major pharmaceutical company to develop a new vaccine toprevent COVID-19 infection and spread.a. What is a virus? Describe the viral life cycle. (3 marks)b. Describe the difference between an antiviral drug and a vaccine. (1 mark)c. What are three qualities you would prioritize when developing this new vaccine forCOVID-19 that you would want in the end-product? (6 marks) Note: Qualities should be overarching characteristics of the developed drug, not specifics regarding various molecular mechanisms of actionarrow_forward
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