The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity. Introduction: The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

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C MasteringHealth MasteringNu × session.healthandnutrition-mastering.pearson.com/myct/itemView?assignment ProblemID=17396416&attemptNo=1&offset=prev

10. Your instructor will give you 2 amino acids during the activity session (video 2-7. A. First color all the polar and non-polar covalent bonds in the R groups of your 2 amino acids using the same colors as in #7. Do not color the bonds in the backbone of each amino acid. B. Next, color where all the hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and ionic bonds could occur in the R group of each amino acid. Use the same colors as in #7. Do not color the bonds in the backbone of each amino acid. C. Position the two amino acids on the page below in an orientation where the two R groups could bond together. Once you are satisfied, staple or tape the amino acids in place and label the bond that you formed between the two R groups. - Polar covalent Bond - Red - Non polar Covalent boND- yellow - Ionic BonD - PINK Hydrogen Bonn - Purple Hydrophobic interaction-green O=C-N H I. H HO H =O CH2 C-C-N HICK H HO H CH2 OH H₂N C = O

Find the dental formula and enter it in the following format: I3/3 C1/1 P4/4 M2/3 = 42 (this is not the correct number, just the correct format) Please be aware: the upper jaw is intact (all teeth are present). The bottom jaw/mandible is not intact. The front teeth should include 6 total rectangular teeth (3 on each side) and 2 total large triangular teeth (1 on each side).

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

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Answer 5

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

Answer 6

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

Answer 7

Chapter 33, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The advantages and disadvantages of having only innate immunity in primitive organism such as invertebrates that lacks more specific antibody and cell mediated immunity.

Introduction:

The immune system of an organism provides the defense mechanism to fight against the foreign invaders including bacteria, viruses, and other toxins. The living organisms possess two types of immunity which includes: innate immune response and adaptive immune response. Innate immunity develops naturally in an organism and it is a non-specific type of immunity.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The primitive organisms such as invertebrates possess the components and mechanism of innate immunity, their body lacks lymphocytes and thus lacks an adaptive immune system. The evolution process in the organism results in the formation of more complex immune system. Vertebrates are the first who gained the most complex immune system.

The advantage of having only innate immune system to the organism that lack an adaptive immune system is that the innate immunity provides protection against a wider range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and environmental toxins, which they experienced commonly. The innate immune responses are expressed very fast and thus they are important for the survival of organism.

The disadvantages of having only innate immune system are that the organism is not able to respond to a specific antigen. The innate immune system also lacks a memory component which results in continuous exposure of the same antigen. The innate immune immunity includes a non specific immune response. It will not respond to a novel antigen and makes the entire population at risk. It is not able to produce antibodies as it lacks lymphocytes.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

The innate immunity has advantages as well as disadvantages in the organism that do not possess adaptive immune responses. The innate immunity comes naturally and protects the organism from bacterial infection, viral infection and other toxins present in environment.

Answer 12

Ch. 33.1 - Describe the function of sentinel cells in...Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 2CYP Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 3CYP Ch. 33.2 - Distinguish between the lymphatic and circulatory...Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 2CYP Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 3CYP Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1CYP Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 2CYP Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 3CYP Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 4CYP

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