Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 32, Problem 8TYU
Summary Introduction
To draw:
The model of the control circuit(s) required for driving an automobile at a fairly constant speed over a hilly road. Label each figure that represents a sensor, stimulus, or response.
Concept introduction:
An automobile is being driven by a driver at a fairly constant speed over a hilly road. There will be stimulus, sensor and a response. The stimulus is that a car is moving fast or slow. The sensor is that the electronic sensors detect the pace, and automatically the speed of the vehicle increases or decreases. The response is the increase in the speed by using an accelerator or the decrease of the speed by using a brake.
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The "All or None" response means that:
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Chapter 32 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 32.1 - What properties do all types of epithelia share?Ch. 32.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.3 - Is it accurate to define homeostasis as a constant...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.4 - What is the function of the filtration step in...Ch. 32.4 - What advantage does uric acid offer as a...
Ch. 32.4 - WHAT IF? A camel standing in the sun requires much...Ch. 32.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.5 - WHAT IF? If blood pressure in the afferent...Ch. 32 - The body tissue that consists largely of material...Ch. 32 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 32 - Which process in the nephron is least selective?...Ch. 32 - Homeostasis typically relies on negative feedback...Ch. 32 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 32 - In which of the following species should natural...Ch. 32 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 32 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These macaques (Macaca...
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- In negative feedback systems the receptor sends a negative signal the stimulus is increased or amplified the effector reduces or eliminates the stimulus the control center receives input from the effector the receptor increases or enhances the stimulusarrow_forwardList four factors that might influence the reaction time to a stimulus .Consider the ruler drop response time test you performed; do you believe it was valid and reliable? Why or why not ? Provide justifications for your answer. [Hints: Here are a few ideas. Will you conduct many tests on the same subjects (that means the people you are testing))? Is it necessary to use averages? Are there any precautions to take? [Are there any variables that must remain constant?]arrow_forwardDraw a diagram that shows how the parts of a positivefeedback loop interact. Include set-point, stimulus, sensor, control center, effector, and response in your drawing.arrow_forward
- Explain the image and what’s going on.arrow_forwardWhat component of control mechanism produces a response in the body? Group of answer choices stimulus control center receptor effectorsarrow_forwardWhich of the following stimuli (s) produces a propagating depolarization? Group of answer options Below the threshold (subthreshold) Maximum stimuli Threshold stimuli Supramaximal stimuliarrow_forward
- Four research teams measured the speed at which signals travel down a certain type of nerve fiber, and what each team wrote in its team notebook is shown in the table below. Suppose a later and more reliable measurement gives 111 m/s for the signal speed in the same type of nerve fiber. Decide which of the earlier measurements was the most accurate, and which was the most precise. what was written most accurate most precise team in the notebook ? measurement measurement A "101.m/s" В "91.m/s + 5.0m/s" C "131.m/s + 2.0%" D "between 106.0m/s and 126.0m/s"arrow_forwardA neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on a muscle cell and causes sodium channels to open. This is an example of a: Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a voltage-gated channel. b ligand-gated channel. mechanosensitive channel. d carrier protein.arrow_forwardThe receptor cells of the peripheral parts of the analyzers can be classified: by the nature of contact with the external environment (distant and contact); depending on the nature of the adequate stimulus, the receptors can be divided into mechano-, chemo-, and photoreceptors. Primary sensory receptors are Secondary sensory receptors arearrow_forward
- Define sensorsarrow_forwardIn describing a positive feedback loop, which of the following would be true? a) the sensor and control center are always the same b) the effector signals the control center to shut off the initial stimulus c) the effect shuts off the initial stimulus d) the effect amplifies the initial stimuarrow_forwardIn a hypothetical experiment, a monkey was trained over 500 trials to perform well in a centre-out reaching task. The trajectory of the trained animal’s hand from the start point in the centre to each of the eight peripheral targets was tracked and is plotted in Panel A of Figure 2 below. Once the animal was trained in this task, a uniform force field was then applied to the manipulandum arm that the monkey had to move to reach the targets. The animal was trained under this new force field regimen for a further 500 trials. During one of the last trials, the force field was unexpectedly not applied. The movements in this ‘unexpected’ condition are shown in Panel D. ‘Trial’ refers to a complete set of eight movements, one to each of the targets. • Use Panels B and C to illustrate: (i) the direction of the uniform force field that must have been used in the experiment; and (ii) the trajectories of the hand that you would expect on the first of the trials carried out under the force field…arrow_forward
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