Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 32, Problem 8TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
This organism is an animal. What tan you infer about its body structure and lifestyle (that might not be obvious from its appearance)? This animal has a protostome developmental pattern and a trochophore larva. Identify the major clades that this animal belongs to. Explain your selcction, and describe when these clades originated and how they are related to one another.
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Construct a character matrix by making observations on the different features of the following group of invertebrates. On the table, write 1 if the character is present in (or exhibited by) the group; 0 if absent (or is not exhibited).
Group of organisms
Segmentation
Coelom
Jointed appendages
Cephalization
Tissues
Radial symmetry
Porifera
Arthropods
Cnidarians
Nematodes
Annelids
Input the characters in the pre-made cladogramthat is provided for you. Also, write in the empty boxes the correct group of organisms to show relationships. One character and one group of organism is done for you.
Download a phylogenetic tree of Bilateria that includes the ten phyla of bilaterian discussed in this module. From the tree, be able to identify whether members of the phylum are coelomates (C), pseudocoelomates (P), or acoelomates (A). Use your labeled tree to answer the following questions:
a) For each of the three major clades of bilaterian, what can be inferred about whether the common ancestor of the clade had a true coelom?
b) To what extent has the presence of a true coelom in animals changed over the course of evolution?
The following four line drawings are reconstructions of invertebrate fossil. Using your knowledge of the extant invertebrate phyla, please indicate which phylum this species mostly likely belongs to. Support your conclusion by connecting the morphological characteristics of the fossil species with the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum.
Chapter 32 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 32.1 - Summarize the main stages of animal development....Ch. 32.1 - WHAT IF? What animal characteristics would be...Ch. 32.2 - Put the following milestones in animal evolution...Ch. 32.2 - VISUAL SKILLS Explain what is represented by the...Ch. 32.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Evaluate whether the origin of...Ch. 32.3 - Distinguish the terms grade and clade.Ch. 32.3 - Compare three aspects of the early development of...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose ctenophores are basal metazoans...
Ch. 32.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32 - Prob. 32.1CRCh. 32 - What caused ihe Cambrian exploston? Describe...Ch. 32 - Describe how body plans provide useful Information...Ch. 32 - Prob. 32.4CRCh. 32 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 32 - The distinction between sponges and other animal...Ch. 32 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 32 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION A professor begins a lecture...Ch. 32 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA Redraw the...Ch. 32 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Animal life...Ch. 32 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This organism is an...
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- What is the answer of this question? Show your work for construct the rest of the treearrow_forwardSelect all that apply: Which characteristics could be used to identify an unknown organism as an animal rather than a fungus or a plant? multicellular developmental stage called a blastula heterotrophic ingestion of food for internal digestion alternation of generations during life cycle presence of Hox genes in genome have cell wallsarrow_forwardSee attached. 1. Which pair of animals in numbers 1-3 belongs to a common ancestral group? Explain your answer.2. Fossils and anatomical records both provide pieces of evidence of evolution. How do you determine the age of fossils of an Aurorazhdarcho micronyx and an Archeopterix?arrow_forward
- I need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forwardIn your own words, describe information from Figure 4.2. Give examples of different organisms covered in lab that fall into each category (you can exclude deuterostomes, since we cover that in the next lab).arrow_forwardPHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS: Refer to the Pratachardaten phylogenetic tree. Write your answers for the following, phrase sentence form. 1. Are deuterostomes in or in related to protostome (Yes or No)? Explain briefly 2. What Syorlesiamecebic character Protostomes Deuterostomes is the CHORDATES Tripartite coelom, larva Chordate ancestor (Notochord, post-anal tail, dorsal hollow nerve cord) of deuterostomes? 3. What is the Deuterostome ancestor (Gill slits) of echinoderms and character Bilateral ancestor (Dorsoventral axis, mesoderm, through gut, cephalization, hox domains in trunk, tinman heart, pax6/emw/otx domains in head) hemichordates? 4. Is the group of chordates considered monophyletic (Yes or No)? Explain briefly. eozoskpog- FLophotrochozoa Echinoderms Hemichordates Urochordates Cephalochordates Vertebratesarrow_forward
- Answer according to phylogenetic tree for animal phyla 1. Which phyla are radically symmetrical? 2. Which phyla are coelomates? 3. Which phyla are triploblastic? Explain what triplobastic means. 4. Which phyla have segmented bodies and a closed blood system? 5. a) Differentiate between an exoskeleton and endoskeleton. b) Which phyla have these skeletons? c) Give one advantage and disadvantage of each of this skeletons 6. Which phylum did not hive rise to any other group of animals? 7. Name one feature of the chordates that make them different from the other phyla 8. What was the common ancestor of all animals?arrow_forwardWhat is the answer of the first and second question? Show your workarrow_forwardcreate a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different Phyla. Take note that some characters may be secondarily lost during the evolution of these different. there is a photo of example of cladogram belowarrow_forward
- Convert the following data table into a venn diagram and then into a cladogram (refer to the image):arrow_forwardCreate a body plan table (Insert → Add Table) for the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Describe each phylum by identifying the following body plan features. Use Lesson 12 (Chapter 32) and Lesson 13 (Chapter 33) as a guide. 1) Symmetry: Asymmetrical, Radial, or Bilateral 2) Tissue type: Parazoa, Eumetazoa (diploblastic), or Eumetazoa (triploblastic) 3) Body cavity (if triploblastic): Acoelomate, Psuedocoelomate, or Coelomate 4) Developmental mode (if Coelomate): Protostome or Dueuterostome Note: Depending on the body plan, features 3 & 4 may not apply to specific phyla. * Please answer 3) and 4) ONLY. Thank you.arrow_forwardView the preserved arthropod specimens available. There will be at least one example of each lineage group discussed on the website but not all of the specimens may be available. Use the table on the next page to organize your observations. Specialized segments Name of Lineage Exoskeleton? Jointed specimen Formica rufa appendages? Pandinus imperatur Rhinotia hemistictus Eurytides marcellus Ranina raninaarrow_forward
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