Biology: Concepts and Applications (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967335
Author: Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 30, Problem 12SA
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The eye is a sensory organ that detects the light and converts the image into electrical signals, and these signals are transferred to the visual cortex of the brain. Specialized cells called photoreceptor cells receive the light and convert it to the neural signals. The cone cells and rod cells are two different types of photoreceptors. The cone cells are responsible for colored vision, and rod cells are responsible for visualization in the presence of very less light.
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The function of structure 4, the round window, is to _________.
bulge outward to give the fluid of the inner ear somewhere to go when the stapes pushes inward
transmit sound from the ear ossicles of the middle ear to the hair cells of the inner ear
amplify the sound wave as it is transmitted from the typanic membrane to the ear ossicles
prevent fluid in the middle ear from entering the inner ear while allowing sound transmission
Structure 5 contains the _________.
hair cells that detect angular acceleration of the head
hair cells that detect linear acceleration of the head
macula and utricle
basilar membrane and hair cells that detect sound
The adequate stimulus for photoreceptors is _____
which is correct?
Vibration
Pressure on eyes
Sound waves
Light
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Biology: Concepts and Applications (MindTap Course List)
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- Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.11 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.11 Effects of age and occupational noise exposure on hearing. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities (in decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-old carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-old who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). Which sound frequency was most easily detected by all three people?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.11 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.11 Effects of age and occupational noise exposure on hearing. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities (in decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-old carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-old who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). How loud did a 1,000-hertz sound have to be for the 50-year-old carpenter to detect it?arrow_forwardThe primary receiving area for vision is the _______. thalamus eye occipital lobe optic nervearrow_forward
- The external ear consists of (Select ALL that apply) ossicles tympanic membrane auricle external auditory canal The cochlea looks like a ______ & it's function is for ______. snailshell; equilibrium spiral; heraing spiral; equilibrium snailshell; hearingarrow_forwardthe GIT contain meissner plexus that locate in serosa true Falsearrow_forwardThe rod and cones cells are distributed symmetrically in all direction from visual axis but they are at the surface of the retina O False O truearrow_forward
- The comea is covers the iris and pupil .A True .B Falsearrow_forwardVestibular hair cells :-a- are provided with cilia allover their surfaceb- are innervated by cochlear nerve fibersc- are stimulated by a chemical transmitter released from the terminals of the innervating nerve fibersd- are sensitive to mechanical stimuliarrow_forwardTeleost focus on distant objects by _____. moving their lens forward in their eye further from the retina moving their lens backward in their eye closer to the retina contracting their ciliary muscle to release tension on the zonular fibers contracting their ciliary muscle to increase tension on the zonular fibers relaxing their ciliary muscle to put tension on the ciliary fibersarrow_forward
- Inner hair cells are _____. A more abundant than outer hair cells and send a signal to the auditory nerve B less abundant than outer hair cells and send a signal to the auditory nerve C more abundant than outer hair cells and change their length in response to a stimulus D less abundant than outer hair cells and change their length in response to a stimulusarrow_forwardGiven this picture with cilia bending with gravitational force within the ear, we would know that it is part of cochlea O semicircular canal saccule utriclearrow_forwardThe bipolar cells in the retina ____ the light stimulus. a. receivesb. processes and integratesc. transmitsd. perceivesarrow_forward
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