EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337670968
Author: Backman
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 3, Problem 7LTL
To determine
Find what phase of the Moon is being viewed. Find what side of the moon is at that phase. Find which side of us on Earth to seeing that phase. Which kind of the shadow is seeing?
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A 1.40-kg object slides to the right on a surface having a coefficient of kinetic friction 0.250 (Figure a). The object has a speed of v₁ = 3.50 m/s when it makes contact with a light spring (Figure b) that has a force constant of 50.0 N/m. The object comes to rest after the spring has been
compressed a distance d (Figure c). The object is then forced toward the left by the spring (Figure d) and continues to move in that direction beyond the spring's unstretched position. Finally, the object comes to rest a distance D to the left of the unstretched spring (Figure e).
d
m
v=0
-D- www
(a) Find the distance of compression d (in m).
m
(b) Find the speed v (in m/s) at the unstretched position when the object is moving to the left (Figure d).
m/s
(c) Find the distance D (in m) where the object comes to rest.
m
(d) What If? If the object becomes attached securely to the end of the spring when it makes contact, what is the new value of the distance D (in m) at which the object will come to…
As shown in the figure, a 0.580 kg object is pushed against a horizontal spring of negligible mass until the spring is compressed a distance x. The force constant of the spring is 450 N/m. When it is released, the object travels along a frictionless, horizontal surface to point A, the bottom of a
vertical circular track of radius R = 1.00 m, and continues to move up the track. The speed of the object at the bottom of the track is VA = 13.0 m/s, and the object experiences an average frictional force of 7.00 N while sliding up the track.
R
(a) What is x?
m
A
(b) If the object were to reach the top of the track, what would be its speed (in m/s) at that point?
m/s
(c) Does the object actually reach the top of the track, or does it fall off before reaching the top?
O reaches the top of the track
O falls off before reaching the top
○ not enough information to tell
A block of mass 1.4 kg is attached to a horizontal spring that has a force constant 900 N/m as shown in the figure below. The spring is compressed 2.0 cm and is then released from rest.
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a
F
x = 0
0
b
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(a) A constant friction force of 4.4 N retards the block's motion from the moment it is released. Using an energy approach, find the position x of the block at which its speed is a maximum.
ст
(b) Explore the effect of an increased friction force of 13.0 N. At what position of the block does its maximum speed occur in this situation?
cm
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
Ch. 3 - Why are most of the constellations that were...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2RQCh. 3 - Which is the asterism and which is the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - What does the word apparent mean in apparent...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - Prob. 9RQCh. 3 - Could a solar powered spacecraft generate any...
Ch. 3 - If a lunar eclipse occurred at midnight, where in...Ch. 3 - If Earth had no atmosphere, what color would the...Ch. 3 - If the Moon orbited Earth from North Pole to South...Ch. 3 - Why do solar eclipses happen only at new moon? Why...Ch. 3 - Why isnt the corona visible during partial or...Ch. 3 - Which has the larger angular diameter in the...Ch. 3 - What is the angular diameter of the Moon in the...Ch. 3 - Why cant the Moon be eclipsed when it is halfway...Ch. 3 - Why are solar eclipses separated by one Saros...Ch. 3 - How could Thales of Miletus have predicted the...Ch. 3 - Will an eclipse occur in February 2025? In July...Ch. 3 - How do we know? Some people think science is like...Ch. 3 - Pretend the Moons orbit around Earth is a perfect...Ch. 3 - Identify the phases of the Moon if on March 20 the...Ch. 3 - Identify the phases of the Moon if at sunset in...Ch. 3 - What fraction of the Moons surface area is the far...Ch. 3 - About how many days must elapse between...Ch. 3 - Tonight you see a waning crescent in the night...Ch. 3 - If on March 1 the Moon is full and is near Famous...Ch. 3 - How many times larger than the Moon is the...Ch. 3 - Use the small-angle formula to calculate the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10PCh. 3 - At perigee, the Moon is closer than average by...Ch. 3 - Examine the list of upcoming lunar eclipses in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13PCh. 3 - If a solar eclipse occurs on October 3: (a) Why...Ch. 3 - A total eclipse of the Sun was visible from Canada...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - When will the eclipse seasons occur during the...Ch. 3 - Examine Figure 3-16. List the letter S for each...Ch. 3 - Arrange the following in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 3 - Look at the Chapter 2 Concept Art: The Sky Around...Ch. 3 - To take the photos that are combined on the...Ch. 3 - Look at the Chapter 3 Concept Art: The Phases of...Ch. 3 - Look at the Chapter 3 Concept Art: The Phases of...Ch. 3 - Use the photos in Figure 3-1 as evidence to show...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6LTLCh. 3 - Prob. 7LTLCh. 3 - Prob. 8LTLCh. 3 - What evidence of the Saros cycle can you see in...Ch. 3 - The accompanying cartoon shows a crescent moon....Ch. 3 - This photo shows the annular eclipse of May 30,...
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- You have a new internship, where you are helping to design a new freight yard for the train station in your city. There will be a number of dead-end sidings where single cars can be stored until they are needed. To keep the cars from running off the tracks at the end of the siding, you have designed a combination of two coiled springs as illustrated in the figure below. When a car moves to the right in the figure and strikes the springs, they exert a force to the left on the car to slow it down. Total force (N) 2000 1500 1000 500 Distance (cm) 10 20 30 40 50 60 i Both springs are described by Hooke's law and have spring constants k₁ = 1,900 N/m and k₂ = 2,700 N/m. After the first spring compresses by a distance of d = 30.0 cm, the second spring acts with the first to increase the force to the left on the car in the figure. When the spring with spring constant k₂ compresses by 50.0 cm, the coils of both springs are pressed together, so that the springs can no longer compress. A typical…arrow_forwardA spring is attached to an inclined plane as shown in the figure. A block of mass m = 2.71 kg is placed on the incline at a distance d = 0.285 m along the incline from the end of the spring. The block is given a quick shove and moves down the incline with an initial speed v = incline angle is 0 = 20.0°, the spring constant is k = 505 N/m, and we can assume the surface is frictionless. By what distance (in m) is the spring compressed when the block momentarily comes to rest? m k www m 0.750 m/s. Thearrow_forwardA block of mass m = 2.50 kg situated on an incline at an angle of k=100 N/m www Ө m = 50.0° is connected to a spring of negligible mass having a spring constant of 100 N/m (Fig. P8.54). The pulley and incline are frictionless. The block is released from rest with the spring initially unstretched. (a) How far does it move down the frictionless incline before coming to rest? m (b) What is its acceleration at its lowest point? Magnitude m/s2 Direction O up the incline down the inclinearrow_forward
- (a) A 15.0 kg block is released from rest at point A in the figure below. The track is frictionless except for the portion between points B and C, which has a length of 6.00 m. The block travels down the track, hits a spring of force constant 2,100 N/m, and compresses the spring 0.250 m from its equilibrium position before coming to rest momentarily. Determine the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the rough surface between points B and C. 3.00 m -A B C -6.00 m (b) What If? The spring now expands, forcing the block back to the left. Does the block reach point B? ○ Yes No If the block does reach point B, how far up the curved portion of the track does it reach, and if it does not, how far short of point B does the block come to a stop? (Enter your answer in m.) marrow_forwardA ball of mass m = 1.95 kg is released from rest at a height h = 57.0 cm above a light vertical spring of force constant k as in Figure [a] shown below. The ball strikes the top of the spring and compresses it a distance d = 7.80 cm as in Figure [b] shown below. Neglecting any energy losses during the collision, find the following. т h m a d T b (a) Find the speed of the ball just as it touches the spring. m/s (b) Find the force constant of the spring. kN/marrow_forwardTruck suspensions often have "helper springs" that engage at high loads. One such arrangement is a leaf spring with a helper coil spring mounted on the axle, as shown in the figure below. When the main leaf spring is compressed by distance yo, the helper spring engages and then helps to support any additional load. Suppose the leaf spring constant is 5.05 × 105 N/m, the helper spring constant is 3.50 x 105 N/m, and y = 0.500 m. Truck body yo Main leaf spring -"Helper" spring Axle (a) What is the compression of the leaf spring for a load of 6.00 × 105 N? m (b) How much work is done in compressing the springs? ]arrow_forward
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