DISCRETE MATH.+ITS APPLICATIONS CUSTOM
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781307447118
Author: ROSEN
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 6RQ
- Define what the worst-case time complexity, average-case time complexity, and best-case time complexity (in terms of comparisons) mean for an algorithm that finds the smallest integer in a list ofnintegers.
- What are the worst-case, average-case, and best-case time complexities, in terms of comparisons, of the algorithm that finds the smallest integer in a list ofnintegers by comparing each of the integers with the smallest integer found so far?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is NOT normally considered in the complexity analysis of algorithms?
A. Best case
B. Worst case
C. Null case
D. Average case
Justify your answer with explanations
1. A student wants to know the effect of 2 parameter settings (Number of iterations and learning
rate) on the computation time of an algorithm. Experiments were carried out by trying 3
different values for each parameter, then seeing the response to computation time. If we know
the experimental results as shown in the following figure, what information can we get?
Boxplot of Speed (sec)
Boxplot of Speed (sec)
0,8
0,8-
0,7
0,7-
0,6
0.6
0,5
0,5-
0,4
0,4-
0,3
0,3-
0,2
0,2-
0,50
learning rate
500
1000
1500
0,05
0,95
Niteration
Speed (sec)
Facebook has created a new algorithm that is built to detect terrorists in the US by looking at relationships within the data. Currently 200,000,000 people use the platform in the US. 0.001% of people in the US are legitimate terrorists. The Facebook algorithm correctly identifies terrorists 95% of the time. The algorithm incorrectly identifies regular citizens as terrorists 0.1% of the time. These number of each category is displayed below.
Facebook Identified as Terrorist
Not Identified as Terrorist
Total
Terrorist
1900
100
2000
Citizen
199998
199798002
199998000
Total
201898
199798102
200,000,000
What is the probability that a randomly selected person is a) A terrorist given that Facebook did not identify them as one? b) A terrorist given that Facebook did identify them as one? c) A citizen given that Facebook did identify them as a terrorist?
Chapter 3 Solutions
DISCRETE MATH.+ITS APPLICATIONS CUSTOM
Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used by Algorithm 1 to find the...Ch. 3.1 - Determine which characteristics of an algorithm...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds the sum of all the...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Apalindromeis a string that reads the same forward...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm to computexn, wherexis a real...
Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that interchanges the values...Ch. 3.1 - cribe an algorithm that uses only assignment...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used to search for 9 in the...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used to search for 7 in the...Ch. 3.1 - cribe an algorithm that inserts an integerxin the...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm for finding the smallest...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that locates the first...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that locates the last...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that produces the maximum,...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm for finding both the largest...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that puts the first three...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that determines whether a...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that will count the number...Ch. 3.1 - nge Algorithm 3 so that the binary search...Ch. 3.1 - Theternary search algorithmlocates an element in a...Ch. 3.1 - Specify the steps of an algorithm that locates an...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds a mode in a list of...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds all modes. (Recall...Ch. 3.1 - Two strings areanagramsif each can be formed from...Ch. 3.1 - ennreal numbersx1,x2,...,xn , find the two that...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds the first term of a...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sort 6, 2, 3, 1, 5, 4,...Ch. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sort 3, 1, 5, 7, 4, showing...Ch. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sortd,f,k,m,a,b, showing...Ch. 3.1 - Adapt the bubble sort algorithm so that it stops...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Sort these lists using the selection sort....Ch. 3.1 - Write the selection sort algorithm in pseudocode.Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm based on the linear search...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm based on the binary search...Ch. 3.1 - How many comparisons does the insertion sort use...Ch. 3.1 - How many comparisons does the insertion sort use...Ch. 3.1 - Show all the steps used by the binary insertion...Ch. 3.1 - Compare the number of comparisons used by the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 3.1 - Devise a variation of the insertion sort that uses...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.1 - List all the steps the naive string matcher uses...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps the naive string matcher uses...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 59ECh. 3.1 - Show that if there were a coin worth 12 cents, the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 3.1 - Devise a greedy algorithm that determines the...Ch. 3.1 - Suppose we have three menm1,m2, andm3and three...Ch. 3.1 - Write the deferred acceptance algorithm in...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 67ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.1 - Prove that the Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm...Ch. 3.1 - Show that the problem of determining whether a...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.1 - Show that the problem of deciding whether a...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - ermine whetherx3isO(g(x))for each of these...Ch. 3.2 - Explain what it means for a function to be 0(1)Ch. 3.2 - w that iff(x)isO(x)thenf(x)isO(x2).Ch. 3.2 - Suppose thatf(x),g(x), andh(x)are functions such...Ch. 3.2 - kbe a positive integer. Show...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.2 - To simplify:(3a5)3 27a15 Given information:(3a5)3....Ch. 3.2 - ange the functionsn, 1000 logn,nlogn,2n!,2n,3n,...Ch. 3.2 - Arrange the...Ch. 3.2 - Suppose that you have two different algorithms for...Ch. 3.2 - Suppose that you have two different algorithms for...Ch. 3.2 - Give as good a big-Oestimate as possible for each...Ch. 3.2 - e a big-Oestimate for each of these functions. For...Ch. 3.2 - Give a big-Oestimate for each of these functions....Ch. 3.2 - each function in Exercise 1, determine whether...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 3.2 - Show that each of these pairs of functions are of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 3.2 - w thatf(x)andg(x)are functions from the set of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 3.2 - Show that3x2+x+1is(3x2)by directly finding the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.2 - lain what it means for a function to be(1).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 3.2 - Give a big-Oestimate of the product of the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 3.2 - pose thatf(x)isO(g(x)). Does it follow...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 3.2 - pose thatf(x),g(x), andh(x)are functions such...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 3.2 - ress the relationshipf(x)is(g(x))using a picture....Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 49ECh. 3.2 - w that iff(x)=anxn+an1xn1++a1x+a0,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.2 - w thatx5y3+x4y4+x3y5is(x3y3).Ch. 3.2 - w thatxyisO(xy).Ch. 3.2 - w thatxyis(xy).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.2 - (Requires calculus) Prove or disprove that (2n)!...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 63ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 64ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 65ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 67ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 70ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 72ECh. 3.2 - Show thatnlognisO(logn!).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 74ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 75ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 76ECh. 3.2 - (Requires calculus) For each of these pairs of...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number additions used...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations,...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations,...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 3.3 - Use pseudocode to describe the algorithm that puts...Ch. 3.3 - Suppose that an element is known to be among the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of comparisons...Ch. 3.3 - Show that this algorithm determines the number of...Ch. 3.3 - pose we havensubsetsS1,S2, ...,Snof the set {1, 2,...Ch. 3.3 - Consider the following algorithm, which takes as...Ch. 3.3 - The conventional algorithm for evaluating a...Ch. 3.3 - re is a more efficient algorithm (in terms of the...Ch. 3.3 - t is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - What is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - What is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - How much time does an algorithm take to solve a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.3 - What is the effect in the time required to solve a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 3.3 - Determine the least number of comparisons, or...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the average-case performance of the linear...Ch. 3.3 - An algorithm is calledoptimalfor the solution of a...Ch. 3.3 - Describe the worst-case time complexity, measured...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 3.3 - Determine a big-O estimate for the worst-case...Ch. 3.3 - Determine the number of character comparisons used...Ch. 3.3 - Determine a big-Oestimate of the number of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.3 - Show that the greedy algorithm for making change...Ch. 3.3 - rcises 41 and 42 deal with the problem of...Ch. 3.3 - rcises 41 and 42 deal with the problem of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 3 - Define the termalgorithm. What are the different...Ch. 3 - Describe, using English, an algorithm for finding...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Define what the worst-case time complexity,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Describe the bubble sort algorithm. Use the bubble...Ch. 3 - Describe the insertion sort algorithm. Use the...Ch. 3 - Explain the concept of a greedy algorithm. Provide...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11RQCh. 3 - Describe an algorithm for locating the last...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2SECh. 3 - Give an algorithm to determine whether a bit...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a list contains integers that are in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5SECh. 3 - Prob. 6SECh. 3 - Prob. 7SECh. 3 - Prob. 8SECh. 3 - Prob. 9SECh. 3 - Prob. 10SECh. 3 - Show the steps used by the shaker sort to sort the...Ch. 3 - Express the shaker sort in pseudocode.Ch. 3 - Prob. 13SECh. 3 - Prob. 14SECh. 3 - Prob. 15SECh. 3 - w that8x3+12x+100logxisO(x3).Ch. 3 - Prob. 17SECh. 3 - Prob. 18SECh. 3 - Prob. 19SECh. 3 - w thatnnis notO(n!).Ch. 3 - Prob. 21SECh. 3 - Prob. 22SECh. 3 - Prob. 23SECh. 3 - Prob. 24SECh. 3 - Arrange the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26SECh. 3 - Prob. 27SECh. 3 - Show that if the denominations of coins arec0,c1,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29SECh. 3 - Prob. 30SECh. 3 - Prob. 31SECh. 3 - Show that the deferred acceptance algorithm given...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33SECh. 3 - Show that when woman do the proposing in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35SECh. 3 - Prob. 36SECh. 3 - Prob. 37SECh. 3 - Prob. 38SECh. 3 - Prob. 39SECh. 3 - Prob. 40SECh. 3 - Prob. 41SECh. 3 - Exercises 4246 we will study the problem of load...Ch. 3 - Prob. 43SECh. 3 - Prob. 44SECh. 3 - Prob. 45SECh. 3 - Prove that the algorithm from Exercise 44 is a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CPCh. 3 - Prob. 2CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3CPCh. 3 - Prob. 4CPCh. 3 - Prob. 5CPCh. 3 - Prob. 6CPCh. 3 - Prob. 7CPCh. 3 - Given an integern, use the cashier’s algorithm to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9CPCh. 3 - Prob. 10CPCh. 3 - Prob. 11CPCh. 3 - Prob. 1CAECh. 3 - Prob. 2CAECh. 3 - Using a generator of random orderings of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CAECh. 3 - Write a program that animates the progress of all...Ch. 3 - Examine the history of the wordalgorithmand...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2WPCh. 3 - Explain how sorting algorithms can be classified...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4WPCh. 3 - Prob. 5WPCh. 3 - Prob. 6WPCh. 3 - Describe the historic trends in how quickly...Ch. 3 - Develop a detailed list of algorithmic paradigms...Ch. 3 - Explain what the Turing Award is and describe the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10WPCh. 3 - Prob. 11WPCh. 3 - Describe six different NP-complete problems.Ch. 3 - Prob. 13WP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, subject and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- [2B] The given table below shows the 5 different places that you would like to visit on a particular day. The table below shows the estimated distance (in kilometers per hour) it takes you to travel from one place to another. If you will visit each of these places exactly once, determine the shortest time possible it would take you to do using the Edge-Picking Algorithm. Examples already provided in the photos below. Home Hospital Mall Esplanade Pet Shop Market Home --- 2.00 km/h 4.00 km/h 3.53 km/h 6.00 km/h 20.00 km/h Hospital 2.00 km/h --- 3.53 km/h 3.00 km/h 2.40 km/h 2.61 km/h Mall 4.00 km/h 3.53 km/h --- 30.00 km/h 2.40 km/h 3.33 km/h Esplanade 3.53 km/h 3.00 km/h 30.00 km/h --- 2.22 km/h 3.00 km/h Pet Shop 6.00 km/h 2.40 km/h 2.40 km/h 2.22 km/h --- 8.57 km/h Market 20.00 km/h 2.61 km/h 3.33 km/h 3.00 km/h 8.57 km/h ---arrow_forwardSuppose we have height and weight and its corresponding Tshirt size of several customers. Your task is to predict the T-shirt size of Anna, whose height is 161cm and her weight is 61kg. Use KNN algorithm with K=5 and Square distance formula.arrow_forwardAn account on server A is more expensive than an account on server B. However, server A is faster. To see if it’soptimal to go with the faster but more expensive server, a manager needs to know how much faster it is. A certaincomputer algorithm is executed 30 times on server A and 20 times on server B with the following results:T-Value = -3.12 P-Value = 0.002 DF = 48Is server A really faster? How strong is the evidence? Formulate the suitable hypothesis and alternative and conclude at5% level of significance.arrow_forward
- Rome Prablems 12 & 13: (R) The graph below shows 820 1070 Eurail train times in minutes 1215 Paris (P) between cities. Berlin (B) 400 650 1380 150 1530 12. Apply the Repetitive Nearest Neighbor algorithm. Answer by listing the vertices in the order you use them and the total weight of each circuit. You can write your answers in the chart below. 850 910 (M) Madrid (L) London Starting City Hamilton Circuit Total Weight Rome Paris London Madrid Berlin 13. Re-write the shortest circuit from #12 so that you depart from and return to Rome.arrow_forward3. Use the training data of Gauss2 example (Gauss2.train). (a). Run the K-means algorithm with K = 2 clusters and make a plot identifying the clusters. Also label the points with their known classes. = 2 clusters and make (b). Multiple all the x1 by 10. Run the K-means algorithm with K a plot identifying the clusters. Also label the points with their known classes. (c). Compare the class and cluster groupings for both plots in (a) and (b). Explain any differences between them. (d). Use agglomerative hierarchical clustering (hclust in the MASS library) to cluster the data, and divide them into 2 groups. You can use the function cutree to divide the clusters into 2 groups. Report on how the predicted cluster labels compare with actual cluster labels for each of the three methods for measuring distance between clusters, i.e. single linkage, complete linkage and average linkage. (e). Plot the dendrograms for the three methods in (d). What does the shape of the the dendrograms suggest about…arrow_forward6. A researcher develop one new prediction algorithm. He want to find out whether hisalgorithm predict a situation faster than the current method. He test his algorithm to makea prediction base on 4 sets of data. He recorded the computation time in microsecond andcompare it with current method and standard method. Table 5 give the computation timefor all method tested.TABLE 5Proposed Method Current Method Standard Method10 11 1313 16 177 9 915 16 19At 2.5% significance level, will you conclude that the computation time taken to predict is thedifferent for each of the three algorithms.arrow_forward
- 46. (a) Solve the six-city TSP shown in the diagram using the nearest-neighbor algorithm starting at vertex A and starting at vertex B. (b) Apply the sorted-edges method. A 18 15 21 19 20\17 14 22 24 F 17 23 13 16 12 Earrow_forwarda. Given the following algorithm, def Linear Search(a, x): for i in range(0, len(a)): if a[i] == x: return i return -1 What will be the result if a = [1,2,5,3] and x = = 2? b. What will be the result if a = [1,4,2,0] and x = 10?arrow_forwardPlease do all the questiosn if possible, that would be very helpful and apprecaited.arrow_forward
- Find the shortest path from node 1 to all other nodes using Dijkstra’s algorithm. 5 6 2 6 11 3 4 14 10 15 1 2 9. 9,arrow_forwardQuestion 3 Q20. Suppose a computer program has been initialized such that the following sets have been stored for use in any algorithm: A = {1, 2, 3, ..., 43}B = {-7, -6, -5, ..., 21} Consider the following algorithm, which represents one part of the whole computer program (comments may occur after the # symbol on any line and are not used in computations): #Part 1: computes A - B and its cardinality AminusB = set()for element in A: # this line runs through every element in A if not(element in B): #A - B is the set of elements that are in A and are not in B AminusB.add(element) # Add to AminusB every element in A if the element is also not in B n = len(AminusB) #len() returns the number of elements in the arrayprint(n) What value is printed as a result of executing this algorithm? Your Answer: Question 3 options: Answerarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Linear Algebra: A Modern IntroductionAlgebraISBN:9781285463247Author:David PoolePublisher:Cengage Learning
Mathematics For Machine TechnologyAdvanced MathISBN:9781337798310Author:Peterson, John.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
Algebra
ISBN:9781285463247
Author:David Poole
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mathematics For Machine Technology
Advanced Math
ISBN:9781337798310
Author:Peterson, John.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Algebraic Complexity with Less Relations; Author: The University of Chicago;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZOKM1JPz650;License: Standard Youtube License
Strassen's Matrix Multiplication - Divide and Conquer - Analysis of Algorithm; Author: Ekeeda;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnpySHwAJsQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Trigonometric Equations with Complex Numbers | Complex Analysis #6; Author: TheMathCoach;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdD8Dab1T2Y;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY