Fundamentals of Construction Estimating
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337670999
Author: David Pratt
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 3, Problem 5RQ
What are the two components that make up a takeoff item?
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$$ 5.1 Assume that you are observing traffic in a single
lane of a highway at a specific location. You measure
the average headway and average spacing of passing
vehicles as 3.2 seconds and 165 ft, respectively.
Calculate the flow, average speed, and density of the
traffic stream in this lane.
5.2 Assume that you are an observer standing at a
point along a three-lane roadway. All vehicles in lane
1 are traveling at 30 mi/h, all vehicles in lane 2 are
traveling at 45 mi/h, and all vehicles in lane 3 are
traveling at 60 mi/h. There is also a constant spacing
of 0.5 mile between vehicles. If you collect spot speed
data for all vehicles as they cross your observation
point, for 30 minutes, what will be the time-mean
speed and space-mean speed for this traffic stream?
Determine the direction of F2 such that the resultant force of adding F1 and F2 acts along the positive yaxis.
3 decimal places answer don't use ai
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Construction Estimating
Ch. 3 - What is the objective of a quantity takeoff?Ch. 3 - Why is it recommended that estimators follow a...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between an estimator’s...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - What are the two components that make up a takeoff...Ch. 3 - In what order are dimensions entered onto the...Ch. 3 - Why should a figured dimension be used in...Ch. 3 - Why should an estimator include headings and side...Ch. 3 - The cost of transportation of materials has to be...Ch. 3 - What level of accuracy should the estimator pursue...
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- 4.5 in 2.5 in. D B1 0 140 lb 5 in. 40° 20 lb Replace the forces acting at A and D with an equivalent force-couple system acting at point B. Force B = acting at a angle measured from the Submit part Couple M= in the direction. answered Submit partarrow_forward4.5 in. 2.5 in. 140 lb B Only handwritten 5 in. 40° 120 lb Replace the forces acting at A and D with an equivalent force-couple system acting at point B. Force B = acting at a angle measured from the Submit part Couple M= in the direction. Unansweredarrow_forward1.) Calculate the internal forces and moments (shear force, bending moment, and axial force if applicable) at point C on the beam shown below. Clearly show all your steps, including the calculation of support reactions, and the determination of internal loadings at point C. (Ans: Nc = 0 kN, Vc = -6.53 kN, Mc = 71.68 kN.m) 40 pts. 7.5 kN A H 6.0 kN/m 4.0 kN 4.0 C B 2.0 3.0 7.0 1.5 2.0arrow_forward
- Please solve using cartesian coordinates. Be clear about why cos or sin is used (explain the trig). Make sure to account for the normal force.arrow_forwardSolve /Draw the shear force and bending moment for these Don't use Artificial intelligencearrow_forwardA For the gravity concrete dam shown in the figure, the following data are available: -The factor of safety against sliding (F.S sliding) =1.2 - Unit weight of concrete (Yeone) 24 KN/m³ - Neglect( Wave pressure, silt pressure, ice force and earth quake force) H=0.65, (Ywater)= 9.81 KN/m³ Find factor of safety against overturning (F.S overturning) 10m 5m 6m 80marrow_forward
- Draw the shear force and bending moment diagramarrow_forwardThe pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 75 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₁ = 850 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 109 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 410 mm². Assume L₁=2.6 m, L₂-3.3 m, a=0.7 m, b=1.5 m, and c=0.8 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4.5-mm clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 45 kN is applied at B, determine: (a) the normal stresses σ1,02, in both bars (1) and (2). (b) the normal strains €1, €2, in bars (1) and (2). (c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar. (1) Answers: a (a) σ1 = (b) E₁ = (C) VA = i i i ล B C L2 b C MPa, σ = i με, Ε2 i mm. MPa. μεarrow_forwardThe pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 79 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₁ = 780 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 104 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 460 mm². Assume L₁=1.6 m, L₂-2.1 m, a=0.6 m, b=1.8 m, and c-1.3 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4-mm clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 58 kN is applied at B, determine: (a) the normal stresses 01,02, in both bars (1) and (2). (b) the normal strains €1,2, in bars (1) and (2). (c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar. (1) L₁ B Answers: (a)σ = b ล L2 C D i MPa, σ1 = i MPa. με, Ε2 = i με. (b) €1 = i (C) VA = i mm.arrow_forward
- A load of P = 114 kN is supported by a structure consisting of rigid bar ABC, two identical solid bronze [E = 116 GPa] rods, and a solid steel [E=192 GPa] rod, as shown. The bronze rods (1) each have a diameter of 19 mm and they are symmetrically positioned relative to the center rod (2) and the applied load P. Steel rod (2) has a diameter of 28 mm. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 1.5-mm clearance in the bolted connection at B. Assume L₁ = 2.4 m and L₂ = 1.5 m. Determine: (a) the normal stresses in the bronze and steel rods (01, 02). (b) the downward deflection of rigid bar ABC. (1) Answers: L2 (a) σ1 (b) v = = i i B (1) MPa, 02 mm. = i MPa.arrow_forwardA load of P = 114 kN is supported by a structure consisting of rigid bar ABC, two identical solid bronze [E = 116 GPa] rods, and a solid steel [E=192 GPa] rod, as shown. The bronze rods (1) each have a diameter of 19 mm and they are symmetrically positioned relative to the center rod (2) and the applied load P. Steel rod (2) has a diameter of 28 mm. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 1.5-mm clearance in the bolted connection at B. Assume L₁ = 2.4m and L2 = 1.5 m. Determine: (a) the normal stresses in the bronze and steel rods (01,02). (b) the downward deflection of rigid bar ABC. (1) Answers: (a)σ1 = (b) vi L2 (2) (1) B P mm. Li MPa, 02 MPa. =arrow_forwardA high-density polvethelene (HD PE I9 - 780 MPaiy = 0.46 rod has a diameter of 70 mm before load Pis applied. In order to maintain certain clearances, the diameter of the rod must not exceed 72 mm when loaded. What is the largest permissible compressive load P that can be applied to the HDPE rod?arrow_forward
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What Is A Construction Takeoff? | Are They Still Necessary In Quantity Surveying?; Author: Metroun Quantity Surveying;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTWoDPtcOjg;License: Standard Youtube License