Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications ( 8th International Edition ) ISBN:9781260091991
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259676512
Author: Kenneth H Rosen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 45SE
To determine
The algorithm from Exercise 44 on the input given in Exercise 42.
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PEER REPLY 1:
Choose a classmate's Main Post and review their decision making process.
1. Choose a risk level for each of the states of nature (assign a probability
value to each).
2. Explain why each risk level is chosen.
3. Which alternative do you believe would be the best based on the maximum
EMV?
4. Do you feel determining the expected value with perfect information
(EVWPI) is worthwhile in this situation? Why or why not?
Questions
An insurance company's cumulative incurred claims for the last 5 accident years are given
in the following table:
Development Year
Accident Year 0
2018
1 2 3 4
245 267 274 289 292
2019
255 276 288 294
2020
265 283 292
2021
263 278
2022
271
It can be assumed that claims are fully run off after 4 years. The premiums received for
each year are:
Accident Year Premium
2018
306
2019
312
2020
318
2021
326
2022
330
You do not need to make any allowance for inflation.
1. (a) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the basic chain ladder method.
(b) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method.
2. Comment on the differences in the reserves produced by the methods in Part 1.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications ( 8th International Edition ) ISBN:9781260091991
Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used by Algorithm 1 to find the...Ch. 3.1 - Determine which characteristics of an algorithm...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds the sum of all the...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that takes as input a list...Ch. 3.1 - Apalindromeis a string that reads the same forward...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm to computexn, wherexis a real...
Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that interchanges the values...Ch. 3.1 - cribe an algorithm that uses only assignment...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used to search for 9 in the...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps used to search for 7 in the...Ch. 3.1 - cribe an algorithm that inserts an integerxin the...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm for finding the smallest...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that locates the first...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that locates the last...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that produces the maximum,...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm for finding both the largest...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that puts the first three...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that determines whether a...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm that will count the number...Ch. 3.1 - nge Algorithm 3 so that the binary search...Ch. 3.1 - Theternary search algorithmlocates an element in a...Ch. 3.1 - Specify the steps of an algorithm that locates an...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds a mode in a list of...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds all modes. (Recall...Ch. 3.1 - Two strings areanagramsif each can be formed from...Ch. 3.1 - ennreal numbersx1,x2,...,xn , find the two that...Ch. 3.1 - Devise an algorithm that finds the first term of a...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sort 6, 2, 3, 1, 5, 4,...Ch. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sort 3, 1, 5, 7, 4, showing...Ch. 3.1 - Use the bubble sort to sortd,f,k,m,a,b, showing...Ch. 3.1 - Adapt the bubble sort algorithm so that it stops...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Use the insertion sort to sort the list in...Ch. 3.1 - Sort these lists using the selection sort....Ch. 3.1 - Write the selection sort algorithm in pseudocode.Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm based on the linear search...Ch. 3.1 - Describe an algorithm based on the binary search...Ch. 3.1 - How many comparisons does the insertion sort use...Ch. 3.1 - How many comparisons does the insertion sort use...Ch. 3.1 - Show all the steps used by the binary insertion...Ch. 3.1 - Compare the number of comparisons used by the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 3.1 - Devise a variation of the insertion sort that uses...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.1 - List all the steps the naive string matcher uses...Ch. 3.1 - List all the steps the naive string matcher uses...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Use the cashier’s algorithm to make change using...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 59ECh. 3.1 - Show that if there were a coin worth 12 cents, the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 3.1 - Devise a greedy algorithm that determines the...Ch. 3.1 - Suppose we have three menm1,m2, andm3and three...Ch. 3.1 - Write the deferred acceptance algorithm in...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 67ECh. 3.1 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.1 - Prove that the Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm...Ch. 3.1 - Show that the problem of determining whether a...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.1 - Show that the problem of deciding whether a...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - Exercises 1—14, to establish a big-Orelationship,...Ch. 3.2 - ermine whetherx3isO(g(x))for each of these...Ch. 3.2 - Explain what it means for a function to be 0(1)Ch. 3.2 - w that iff(x)isO(x)thenf(x)isO(x2).Ch. 3.2 - Suppose thatf(x),g(x), andh(x)are functions such...Ch. 3.2 - kbe a positive integer. Show...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.2 - To simplify:(3a5)3 27a15 Given information:(3a5)3....Ch. 3.2 - ange the functionsn, 1000 logn,nlogn,2n!,2n,3n,...Ch. 3.2 - Arrange the...Ch. 3.2 - Suppose that you have two different algorithms for...Ch. 3.2 - Suppose that you have two different algorithms for...Ch. 3.2 - Give as good a big-Oestimate as possible for each...Ch. 3.2 - e a big-Oestimate for each of these functions. For...Ch. 3.2 - Give a big-Oestimate for each of these functions....Ch. 3.2 - each function in Exercise 1, determine whether...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 3.2 - Show that each of these pairs of functions are of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 3.2 - w thatf(x)andg(x)are functions from the set of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 3.2 - Show that3x2+x+1is(3x2)by directly finding the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 3.2 - lain what it means for a function to be(1).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 3.2 - Give a big-Oestimate of the product of the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 3.2 - pose thatf(x)isO(g(x)). Does it follow...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 3.2 - pose thatf(x),g(x), andh(x)are functions such...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 3.2 - ress the relationshipf(x)is(g(x))using a picture....Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 49ECh. 3.2 - w that iff(x)=anxn+an1xn1++a1x+a0,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 53ECh. 3.2 - w thatx5y3+x4y4+x3y5is(x3y3).Ch. 3.2 - w thatxyisO(xy).Ch. 3.2 - w thatxyis(xy).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 3.2 - (Requires calculus) Prove or disprove that (2n)!...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 63ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 64ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 65ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 66ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 67ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 68ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 70ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 71ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 72ECh. 3.2 - Show thatnlognisO(logn!).Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 74ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 75ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 76ECh. 3.2 - (Requires calculus) For each of these pairs of...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number additions used...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations,...Ch. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of operations,...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 3.3 - Use pseudocode to describe the algorithm that puts...Ch. 3.3 - Suppose that an element is known to be among the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.3 - Give a big-Oestimate for the number of comparisons...Ch. 3.3 - Show that this algorithm determines the number of...Ch. 3.3 - pose we havensubsetsS1,S2, ...,Snof the set {1, 2,...Ch. 3.3 - Consider the following algorithm, which takes as...Ch. 3.3 - The conventional algorithm for evaluating a...Ch. 3.3 - re is a more efficient algorithm (in terms of the...Ch. 3.3 - t is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - What is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - What is the largestnfor which one can solve within...Ch. 3.3 - How much time does an algorithm take to solve a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.3 - What is the effect in the time required to solve a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 3.3 - Determine the least number of comparisons, or...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the average-case performance of the linear...Ch. 3.3 - An algorithm is calledoptimalfor the solution of a...Ch. 3.3 - Describe the worst-case time complexity, measured...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Analyze the worst-case time complexity of the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 3.3 - Determine a big-O estimate for the worst-case...Ch. 3.3 - Determine the number of character comparisons used...Ch. 3.3 - Determine a big-Oestimate of the number of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 3.3 - Show that the greedy algorithm for making change...Ch. 3.3 - rcises 41 and 42 deal with the problem of...Ch. 3.3 - rcises 41 and 42 deal with the problem of...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 3 - Define the termalgorithm. What are the different...Ch. 3 - Describe, using English, an algorithm for finding...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Define what the worst-case time complexity,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Describe the bubble sort algorithm. Use the bubble...Ch. 3 - Describe the insertion sort algorithm. Use the...Ch. 3 - Explain the concept of a greedy algorithm. Provide...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11RQCh. 3 - Describe an algorithm for locating the last...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2SECh. 3 - Give an algorithm to determine whether a bit...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a list contains integers that are in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5SECh. 3 - Prob. 6SECh. 3 - Prob. 7SECh. 3 - Prob. 8SECh. 3 - Prob. 9SECh. 3 - Prob. 10SECh. 3 - Show the steps used by the shaker sort to sort the...Ch. 3 - Express the shaker sort in pseudocode.Ch. 3 - Prob. 13SECh. 3 - Prob. 14SECh. 3 - Prob. 15SECh. 3 - w that8x3+12x+100logxisO(x3).Ch. 3 - Prob. 17SECh. 3 - Prob. 18SECh. 3 - Prob. 19SECh. 3 - w thatnnis notO(n!).Ch. 3 - Prob. 21SECh. 3 - Prob. 22SECh. 3 - Prob. 23SECh. 3 - Prob. 24SECh. 3 - Arrange the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26SECh. 3 - Prob. 27SECh. 3 - Show that if the denominations of coins arec0,c1,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29SECh. 3 - Prob. 30SECh. 3 - Prob. 31SECh. 3 - Show that the deferred acceptance algorithm given...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33SECh. 3 - Show that when woman do the proposing in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35SECh. 3 - Prob. 36SECh. 3 - Prob. 37SECh. 3 - Prob. 38SECh. 3 - Prob. 39SECh. 3 - Prob. 40SECh. 3 - Prob. 41SECh. 3 - Exercises 4246 we will study the problem of load...Ch. 3 - Prob. 43SECh. 3 - Prob. 44SECh. 3 - Prob. 45SECh. 3 - Prove that the algorithm from Exercise 44 is a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CPCh. 3 - Prob. 2CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3CPCh. 3 - Prob. 4CPCh. 3 - Prob. 5CPCh. 3 - Prob. 6CPCh. 3 - Prob. 7CPCh. 3 - Given an integern, use the cashier’s algorithm to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9CPCh. 3 - Prob. 10CPCh. 3 - Prob. 11CPCh. 3 - Prob. 1CAECh. 3 - Prob. 2CAECh. 3 - Using a generator of random orderings of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CAECh. 3 - Write a program that animates the progress of all...Ch. 3 - Examine the history of the wordalgorithmand...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2WPCh. 3 - Explain how sorting algorithms can be classified...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4WPCh. 3 - Prob. 5WPCh. 3 - Prob. 6WPCh. 3 - Describe the historic trends in how quickly...Ch. 3 - Develop a detailed list of algorithmic paradigms...Ch. 3 - Explain what the Turing Award is and describe the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10WPCh. 3 - Prob. 11WPCh. 3 - Describe six different NP-complete problems.Ch. 3 - Prob. 13WP
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