Chapter 3, Problem 41PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation and the curved arrow mechanism should be drawn for the reaction of the given acids with water.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of acid with ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is an acid-base reaction.

According to Bronsted-Lowery acid–base theory, proton acceptor is base and proton donor is treated as acid. Here water molecule acts as base and abstracts the proton from the acid by giving hydronium ion.

Example:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{HA+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+A}}^{\text{-}}\\ \text{HA}\text{=}\text{acid}\end{array}$

To draw: the curved arrow mechanism for given acid and water.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation and the curved arrow mechanism should be drawn for the reaction of the given acids with water.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of acid with ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is an acid-base reaction.

According to Bronsted-Lowery acid–base theory, proton acceptor is base and proton donor is treated as acid. Here water molecule acts as base and abstracts the proton from the acid by giving hydronium ion.

Example:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{HA+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+A}}^{\text{-}}\\ \text{HA}\text{=}\text{acid}\end{array}$

To draw: the curved arrow mechanism for given acid and water.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation and the curved arrow mechanism should be drawn for the reaction of the given acids with water.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of acid with ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is an acid-base reaction.

According to Bronsted-Lowery acid–base theory, proton acceptor is base and proton donor is treated as acid. Here water molecule acts as base and abstracts the proton from the acid by giving hydronium ion.

Example:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{HA+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+A}}^{\text{-}}\\ \text{HA}\text{=}\text{acid}\end{array}$

To draw: the curved arrow mechanism for given acid and water.