PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780357129128
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 41CTQ
We know that a change in the
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4. Case 3) Electricity demand increases due to increased EV adoption
We will continue using the Case 2 supply curve (with the solar plant in operation) for this
analysis. Suppose that electricity consumption from electric vehicles (EV) increases
significantly. Consequently, electricity demand in the wholesale market increases at every hour.
The new demand levels are shown in Table 5 below.
The market operator has backup power plants (using natural gas) ready, with a total capacity of
300 MW and a MC of $100/MWh.
Table 5: Hourly Demand (selected hours)
Hour
Demand (MWh)
4 AM
800
10 AM
1000
...
2 PM
1100
...
6 PM
1300
(a) Find the market clearing prices and calculate how much electricity each power plant
generates in the hourly market (4AM, 10AM, 2PM, and 6PM). Is there a specific hourly
market in which the market operator will need to dispatch backup generation?
(b) Compare the Case 2 scenario with the Case 3 scenario in terms of CO2 emissions and
average electricity price. Based on…
2. Case 1) NG price decreases
Now, suppose that the price of natural gas decreased substantially, causing the marginal cost of
the NG power plant to decrease to MC = $35/MWh. The demand is the same as in Case 0.
(a) Draw a new supply curve that reflects the MC change of the NG power plant.
(b) Find the market clearing prices and calculate how much electricity each power plant
generates in the hourly market (4AM, 10AM, 2PM, and 6PM).
(c) What happened to the coal power plant?
(d) Do you think the market outcomes (like average price) and the total CO2 emissions have
improved under this Case 1 scenario (use the emissions data provided in the lecture
slides)?
1. Case 0) Baseline case
Table 1: Power Plant Capacity and Marginal Cost: Case 0
Plant #
Energy Source
Capacity (MW)
MC (S/MWh)
1
Coal
300
45
2
Oil
100
90
3
4
Natural Gas
Nuclear
500
50
600
0
(a) Calculate the capacity mix of this market by energy source.
(b) Draw a supply curve of this wholesale generation market.
Table 2 below shows the demand levels for selected hours of a representative day. We will
consider only these four hourly markets for our analysis. Note that the 6 PM demand is the
highest demand level of the day.
Table 2: Hourly Demand (selected hours)
Hour
Demand (MWh)
4 AM
500
10 AM
700
2 PM
800
6 PM
1000
(c) Find the market clearing prices and calculate how much electricity each power plant
generates in the hourly market (4AM, 10AM, 2PM, and 6PM).
(d) Find the average price of electricity (by taking a simple average of hourly prices; [P(4am)
+ P(10AM) + P(2PM) + P(6PM)]/4).
Chapter 3 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS
Ch. 3 - Review Figure 3.4. Suppose the price of gasoline...Ch. 3 - Why do economists use the ceteris paribus...Ch. 3 - In an analysis of the market for paint, an...Ch. 3 - Many changes are affecting the market for oil....Ch. 3 - Lets think about the market for air travel. From...Ch. 3 - A tariff is a tax on imported goods. Suppose the...Ch. 3 - What is the effect of a price ceiling on the...Ch. 3 - Does a price ceiling change the equilibrium price?Ch. 3 - What would be the impact of imposing a price flour...Ch. 3 - Does a price ceiling increase the decrease the...
Ch. 3 - If a price floor benefits producers, why does a...Ch. 3 - What determines the level of prices in a market?Ch. 3 - What does a downward-sloping demand curve mean...Ch. 3 - Will demand curves have the same exact shape in...Ch. 3 - Will supply curves have the same shape in all...Ch. 3 - What is the relationship between quantity Demanded...Ch. 3 - How can you locate the equilibrium point on a...Ch. 3 - If the price is above line equilibrium level,...Ch. 3 - When the price is above the equilibrium, explain...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between the demand and the...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between the supply and the...Ch. 3 - When analyzing a market, how do economists deal...Ch. 3 - Name some factors that can cause a shift in line...Ch. 3 - Name some farm that can cause a shift in the...Ch. 3 - How does one analyze a market where both demand...Ch. 3 - What causes a movement along the demand curve?...Ch. 3 - Does a price ceiling attempt to make a price...Ch. 3 - How does a price ceiling set below the equilibrium...Ch. 3 - Does a price floor attempt to make a price higher...Ch. 3 - How does a price floor 521 above the equilibrium...Ch. 3 - What is consumer surplus? How is it illustrated on...Ch. 3 - What is producer surplus? How is it illustrated on...Ch. 3 - What is total surplus? How is it illustrated on a...Ch. 3 - What is the relationship between total surplus and...Ch. 3 - What is deadweight loss?Ch. 3 - Review Figure 3.4. Suppose the government decided...Ch. 3 - Explain why the following statement is false: In...Ch. 3 - Explain why the following statement is false: In...Ch. 3 - Consider the demand for hamburgers. If the price...Ch. 3 - How do you suppose the demographics of an aging...Ch. 3 - We know that a change in the price of a product...Ch. 3 - Suppose there is a soda tax to curb obesity. What...Ch. 3 - Use the four-step process to analyze the impact of...Ch. 3 - Use the four-step process to analyze the impact of...Ch. 3 - Suppose both of these events took place at the...Ch. 3 - Must government policy decisions have winners and...Ch. 3 - Agricultural price supports result in governments...Ch. 3 - Can you propose a policy that meld induce the...Ch. 3 - What term would an economist use to describe what...Ch. 3 - Explain why voluntary Martians improve social...Ch. 3 - Why would a free market mar operate at a quantity...Ch. 3 - Review Figure 3.4 again. Suppose the price of...Ch. 3 - Table 3.8 shows information on the demand and...Ch. 3 - The computer market in recent years has seen many...Ch. 3 - Table 3.9 illustrates the markets demand and...Ch. 3 - Table 3.10 shows the supply and demand for movie...Ch. 3 - A low-income county decides to set a price ceiling...
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