Explanation The methyl salicylate is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.. When a sample of methyl salicylate of mass 5.287 g is burned in excess oxygen, 12.24 g of carbon dioxide and 2.505 g of water are formed. The molar mass of carbon dioxide and water is 44.01 g/mol and 18 g/mol respectively. The number of moles can be calculated as follows:. n = m M . Number of moles of carbon dioxide will be:. n CO 2 = 12.24 g 44.01 g/mol = 0.278 mol . Similarly, number of moles of water will be:. n H 2 O = 2.505 g 18 g/mol = 0.14 mol . From number of moles of carbon dioxide, the number of moles of carbon will be 0.278 mol similarly, from number of moles of water, the number of moles of hydrogen will be 2 × 0.14 = 0.28 mol . The molar mass of carbon and oxygen is 12.01 g/mol and 16 g/mol thus, mass of carbon and hydrogen atoms can be calculated as follows:. m C = 0.278 mol × 12.01 g/mol=3 .34 g . And, m H = 0.28 mol × 1.008 g/mol=0 .282 g . Now, the mass percent of carbon and hydrogen can be calculated as follows:. % m C = m C m s a m p l e × 100 % . Putting the values, % m C = 3.34 g 5.287 g × 100 % = 63.17 % . Similarly, mass percent of hydrogen will be:. % m H = 0.282 g 5.287 g × 100 % = 5.33 % . The sum of mass percent of C, H and O is 100%. Thus, mass percent of O can be calculated as follows:. % m O = 100 % − % m C − % m H

OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook for Masterton/Hurley's Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, 8th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)

8th Edition

ISBN: 9781305863170

Author: William L. Masterton; Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher: Cengage Learning US

See similar textbooks

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 40QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The simplest formula of the compound should be determined..

Concept introduction:.

For a compound, if the percent composition of atoms of element is given, the simplest formula of the compound can be calculated by considering the mass of compound to be 100 g..

From the given percent composition, number of moles of each element should be calculated and the simplest ratio of the number of moles will give the formula of the compound.

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 3 Solutions

OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual eBook for Masterton/Hurley's Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, 8th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)

Ch. 3 - One chocolate chip used in making chocolate chip...Ch. 3 - The meat from one hazelnut has a mass of 0.985 g....Ch. 3 - Determine (a) the mass of 0.429 mol of gold. (b)...Ch. 3 - How many electrons are in (a) an ion of Sc3+? (b)...Ch. 3 - A cube of sodium has length 1.25 in. How many...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6QAP Ch. 3 - Calculate the molar masses (in grams per mole) of...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molar mass (in grams/mol) of (a)...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to moles. (a) 4.00103g of...Ch. 3 - Convert to moles. (a) 128.3 g of sucralose,...

Ch. 3 - Calculate the mass in grams of 3.839 moles of (a)...Ch. 3 - Calculate the mass in grams of 1.35 mol of (a)...Ch. 3 - Complete the following table for TNT...Ch. 3 - Complete the following table for citric acid,...Ch. 3 - Household ammonia used for cleaning contains about...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16QAP Ch. 3 - What is the molarity of each ion present in...Ch. 3 - What is the molarity of each ion present in...Ch. 3 - How would you prepare from the solid and pure...Ch. 3 - Starting with the solid and adding water, how...Ch. 3 - You are asked to prepare a 0.8500 M solution of...Ch. 3 - An experiment calls for a 0.4500 M solution of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 23QAP Ch. 3 - Twenty-five mL of a 0.388 M solution of Na2SO4 is...Ch. 3 - Turquoise has the following chemical formula:...Ch. 3 - Diazepam is the addictive tranquilizer also known...Ch. 3 - Small amounts of tungsten (W) are usually added to...Ch. 3 - Allicin is responsible for the distinctive taste...Ch. 3 - The active ingredient in Pepto-BismoÂ® (an over-...Ch. 3 - The active ingredient in some antiperspirants is...Ch. 3 - Combustion analysis of 1.00 g of the male sex...Ch. 3 - Hexachlorophene, a compound made up of atoms of...Ch. 3 - A compound NiX3 is 19.67% (by mass) nickel. What...Ch. 3 - A compound R2O3 is 32.0% oxygen. What is the molar...Ch. 3 - Manganese reacts with fluorine to form a fluoride....Ch. 3 - Nickel reacts with sulfur to form a sulfide. If...Ch. 3 - Determine the simplest formulas of the following...Ch. 3 - Determine the simplest formulas of the following...Ch. 3 - Nicotine is found in tobacco leaf and is mainly...Ch. 3 - Prob. 40QAP Ch. 3 - Beta-blockers are a class of drug widely used to...Ch. 3 - Saccharin is the active ingredient in many...Ch. 3 - Hexamethylenediamine (MM=116.2g/mol), a compound...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44QAP Ch. 3 - Epsom salts are hydrated crystals of magnesium...Ch. 3 - Sodium borate decahydrate, Na2B4O710H2O is...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations: (a)...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations: (a)...Ch. 3 - Write balanced equations for the reaction of...Ch. 3 - Write balanced equations for the reaction of...Ch. 3 - Write a balanced equation for (a) the combustion...Ch. 3 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction between...Ch. 3 - Cyanogen gas, C2N2, has been found in the gases of...Ch. 3 - Ammonia reacts with a limited amount of oxygen...Ch. 3 - One way to remove nitrogen oxide (NO) from...Ch. 3 - Phosphine gas reacts with oxygen according to the...Ch. 3 - The combustion of liquid chloroethylene, C2H3Cl,...Ch. 3 - Sand is mainly silicon dioxide. When sand is...Ch. 3 - When copper(II) oxide is heated in hydrogen gas,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 60QAP Ch. 3 - Prob. 61QAP Ch. 3 - When corn is allowed to ferment, the fructose in...Ch. 3 - Consider the hypothetical reaction...Ch. 3 - Consider the hypothetical reaction...Ch. 3 - When solid phosphorus (P4) reacts with oxygen gas,...Ch. 3 - Chlorine and fluorine react to form gaseous...Ch. 3 - When potassium chlorate is subjected to high...Ch. 3 - When iron and steam react at high temperatures,...Ch. 3 - When solid silicon tetrachloride reacts with...Ch. 3 - The first step in the manufacture of nitric acid...Ch. 3 - Tin(IV) chloride is used as an external coating on...Ch. 3 - A student prepares phosphorous acid, H3PO3, by...Ch. 3 - Cisplatin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, is a chemotherapeutic...Ch. 3 - Magnesium ribbon reacts with acid to produce...Ch. 3 - Iron reacts with oxygen. Different masses of iron...Ch. 3 - Acetic acid (HC2H3O2) can be prepared by the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 77QAP Ch. 3 - The reaction between compounds made up of A...Ch. 3 - Represent the following equation pictorially (see...Ch. 3 - Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia....Ch. 3 - Consider the following diagram, where atom X is...Ch. 3 - Box A contains 36 atoms of arsenic (As) and 27...Ch. 3 - One mol of ammonia reacts with 1.00 mol of oxygen...Ch. 3 - Suppose that the atomic mass of C-12 is taken to...Ch. 3 - Suppose that Si28(1428Si) is taken as the standard...Ch. 3 - Answer the questions below, using LT (for is less...Ch. 3 - Determine whether the statements given below are...Ch. 3 - Chlorophyll, the substance responsible for the...Ch. 3 - By x-ray diffraction it is possible to determine...Ch. 3 - A 5.025-g sample of calcium is burned in air to...Ch. 3 - A mixture of potassium chloride and potassium...Ch. 3 - A sample of an oxide of vanadium weighing 4.589 g...Ch. 3 - A sample of cocaine, C17H21O4N, is diluted with...Ch. 3 - A 100.0-g mixture made up of NaCl03, Na2CO3, NaCl,...Ch. 3 - An alloy made up of iron (52.6%), nickel (38.0%),...

Knowledge Booster

Solution Summary: The author explains how the simplest formula of a compound can be determined by considering the mass of the compound to be 100 g.

Chapter 3 Solutions