PHYSICS FOR SCI.AND ENGR W/WEBASSIGN
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337888462
Author: SERWAY
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 3, Problem 39AP
Review. The biggest stuffed animal in the world is a snake 420 m long, constructed by Norwegian children. Suppose the snake is laid out in a park as shown in Figure P3.39, forming two straight sides of a 105° angle, with one side 240 m long. Olaf and Inge run a race they invent. Inge runs directly from the tail of the snake to its head, and Olaf starts from the same place at the same moment but runs along the snake. (a) If both children run steadily at 12.0 km/h. Inge reaches the head of the snake how much earlier than Olaf? (b) If Inge runs the race again at a constant speed of 12.0 km/h. at what constant speed must Olaf run to reach the end of the snake at the same time as Inge?
Figure P3.39
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Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
SECTION B
Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.]
Question B1
Consider the line element
where w is a constant.
ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx²,
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[2 marks]
b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[10 marks]
c)
Write down the geodesic equations.
[5 marks]
d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion.
[4 marks]
e)
Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics.
[4 marks]
Chapter 3 Solutions
PHYSICS FOR SCI.AND ENGR W/WEBASSIGN
Ch. 3.2 - Which of the following are vector quantities and...Ch. 3.3 - The magnitudes of two vectors A and B are A = 12...Ch. 3.3 - If vector B is added to vector A, which two of the...Ch. 3.4 - Choose the correct response to make the sentence...Ch. 3.4 - For which of the following vectors is the...Ch. 3 - Two points in the xy plane have Cartesian...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - The polar coordinates of a certain point are (r =...Ch. 3 - Let the polar coordinates of the point (x, y) be...Ch. 3 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...
Ch. 3 - Vector A has a magnitude of 29 units and points in...Ch. 3 - A force F1 of magnitude 6.00 units acts on an...Ch. 3 - Three displacements are A=200m due south, B=250m...Ch. 3 - The displacement vectors A and B shown in Figure...Ch. 3 - A roller-coaster car moves 200 ft horizontally and...Ch. 3 - A minivan travels straight north in the right lane...Ch. 3 - A person walks 25.0 north of east for 3.10 km. How...Ch. 3 - Your dog is running around the grass in your back...Ch. 3 - Given the vectors A=2.00i+6.00j and B=3.00i2.00j,...Ch. 3 - The helicopter view in Fig. P3.15 shows two people...Ch. 3 - A snow-covered ski slope makes an angle of 35.0...Ch. 3 - Consider the three displacement vectors m, m,...Ch. 3 - Vector A has x and y components of 8.70 cm and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 19PCh. 3 - Given the displacement vectors A=(3i4j+4k)m and...Ch. 3 - Vector A has a negative x component 3.00 units in...Ch. 3 - Three displacement vectors of a croquet ball are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Use the component method to add the vectors A and...Ch. 3 - A girl delivering newspapers covers her route by...Ch. 3 - A man pushing a mop across a floor causes it to...Ch. 3 - Figure P3.28 illustrates typical proportions of...Ch. 3 - Review. As it passes over Grand Bahama Island, the...Ch. 3 - In an assembly operation illustrated in Figure...Ch. 3 - Review. You are standing on the ground at the...Ch. 3 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 3 - In Figure P3.33, the line segment represents a...Ch. 3 - You are spending the summer as an assistant...Ch. 3 - A person going for a walk follows the path shown...Ch. 3 - A ferry transports tourists between three islands....Ch. 3 - Two vectors A and B have precisely equal...Ch. 3 - Two vectors A and B have precisely equal...Ch. 3 - Review. The biggest stuffed animal in the world is...Ch. 3 - Ecotourists use their global positioning system...Ch. 3 - A vector is given by R=2i+j+3k. Find (a) the...Ch. 3 - You are working as an assistant to an air-traffic...Ch. 3 - Review. The instantaneous position of an object is...Ch. 3 - Vectors A and B have equal magnitudes of 5.00. The...Ch. 3 - A rectangular parallelepiped has dimensions a, b,...Ch. 3 - A pirate has buried his treasure on an island with...
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