The hybrid orbital that will result from the interaction shown is to be derived. Whether the resulting orbital will be different from the ones shown in Figure 3-9a and 3-9b is to be explained. Concept introduction: The orbitals of the same atom can mix to form two or more hybrid orbitals. When s and p orbitals mix, they form two hybrid orbitals, oriented at 180 ° . The s orbital has the same phase everywhere. The p orbital, on the other hand, has different phases in the two lobes. Therefore, when an s and a p orbitals mix, they produce hybrid orbitals with unequal lobes. Mixing of the lobes with the same sign as the s orbital leads to constructive interference, which is larger in size. The other lobe of p orbital has an opposite phase; therefore, its mixing leads to destructive interference on that side. The size of the lobe on this side is smaller than the other lobe. The other hybrid orbital is formed by the overlap of the s orbital with the p orbital of reversed phases.

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Chapter 3, Problem 3.6P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hybrid orbital that will result from the interaction shown is to be derived. Whether the resulting orbital will be different from the ones shown in Figure 3-9a and 3-9b is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The orbitals of the same atom can mix to form two or more hybrid orbitals. When s and p orbitals mix, they form two hybrid orbitals, oriented at 180°. The s orbital has the same phase everywhere. The p orbital, on the other hand, has different phases in the two lobes. Therefore, when an s and a p orbitals mix, they produce hybrid orbitals with unequal lobes. Mixing of the lobes with the same sign as the s orbital leads to constructive interference, which is larger in size. The other lobe of p orbital has an opposite phase; therefore, its mixing leads to destructive interference on that side. The size of the lobe on this side is smaller than the other lobe. The other hybrid orbital is formed by the overlap of the s orbital with the p orbital of reversed phases.

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