Chapter 3, Problem 3.2APR

A.

To determine

Adjusting entries:

Adjusting entries refers to the entries that are made at the end of an accounting period in accordance with revenue recognition principle, and expenses recognition principle.  All adjusting entries affect at least one income statement account (revenue or expense), and one balance sheet account (asset or liability).

Rules of Debit and Credit:

Following rules are followed for debiting and crediting different accounts while they occur in business transactions:

• Debit, all increase in assets, expenses and dividends, all decrease in liabilities, revenues and stockholders’ equities.
• Credit, all increase in liabilities, revenues, and stockholders’ equities, all decrease in assets, expenses.

Accrual basis of accounting:

Accrual basis of accounting refers to recognizing the financial transactions during the period in which the event occurs, even if the cash is not exchanged.

Income statement:

This is the financial statement of a company which shows all the revenues earned and expenses incurred by the company over a period of time.

Balance sheet:

This financial statement reports a company’s resources (assets) and claims of creditors (liabilities) and stockholders (stockholders’ equity) over those resources, on a specific date. The resources of the company are assets which include money contributed by stockholders and creditors. Hence, the main elements of the balance sheet are assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity.

To prepare: The adjusting entries in the books of Company AC at the end of the year.

B.

To determine

The effects on the income statement, if adjusting entries are not recorded.

C.

To determine

The effects on the balance sheet, if adjusting entries are not recorded.

D.

To determine

The effects on the “net increase or decrease in cash” on the statement of cash flow, if adjusting entries are not recorded.