Chapter 3, Problem 3.28EX

(a)

To determine

Vertical analysis:

Vertical analysis is the method of financial statement analysis, and it is useful to evaluating a company’s performance and financial condition. Vertical analysis is helpful for analyzing the changes in the financial statements over the time, and comparing the each item on a financial statement with a total amount from the same statement. In the vertical analysis, the financial statements are analyzed in the following manner:

• In vertical analysis of a balance sheet, each asset item is stated as a percent of the total asset, and each liability and owner’s equity item is stated as a percent of total liabilities and owner’s equity.
• In vertical analysis of an income statement, each item of revenue and expense is stated as a percent of total revenues of the business.

To prepare: The vertical analysis of A Incorporation’s operating income statement.

(b)

To determine

To explain:  The decrease in income from operations.