
Write the ground-state electron configurations for the following elements: B, V, C, As, I, Au.
(a)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Boron (
Put all the 5 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule
All the 5 electrons of boron (
There are 2 electrons present in
(b)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Vanadium (
The noble gas core for
Put all the 5 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule.
All the 5 electrons of vanadium (
There are 2 electrons present in
(c)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Carbon (
Put all the 6 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule.
All the 6 electrons of carbon (
There are 2 electrons present in
(d)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Arsenic (
The noble gas core for
Put all the 15 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule.
All the 15 electrons of arsenic (
There are 2 electrons present in
(e)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Iodine (
The noble gas core for
Put all the 17 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule.
All the 17 electrons of iodine (
There are 2 electrons present in
(f)

Interpretation:
The ground-state electron configurations for the given elements should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
An orbital is an area of space in which electrons are orderly filled. The maximum capacity in any type of orbital is two electrons. An atomic orbital is defined as the region of space in which the probability of finding the electrons is highest. It is subdivided into four orbitals such as
There are three basic principles in which orbitals are filled by the electrons.
- 1. Aufbau principle: In German, the word 'aufbau' means 'building up'. The electrons are arranged in various orbitals in the order of increasing energies.
- 2. Pauli exclusion principle: An electron does not have all the four quantum numbers.
- 3. Hund’s rule: Each orbital is singly engaged with one electron having the maximum same spin capacity after that only pairing occurs.
The electron configuration is the allocation of electrons of an atom in atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of a particular atom is written by following the three basic principles.
To find: Identify the ground-state electron configuration for
Answer to Problem 3.116QP
The ground-state electron configuration for
Explanation of Solution
Gold (
The noble gas core for
Put all the 25 electrons in the atomic orbitals by following Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule.
All the electrons of gold (
There are 14 electrons present in
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EBK CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST
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