Concept explainers
Write the equivalency for each conversion factor:
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EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY: AN ACTIVE L
- Determine whether each statement that follows is true or false: a The SI system includes metric units. b If two quantities are expressed in an equivalency, they are directly proportional to each other. c The scientific notation form of a number smaller than 1 has a positive exponent. d In changing a number in scientific notation whose coefficient is not between 1 and 10 to standard scientific notation, the exponent becomes smaller if the decimal in the coefficient is moved to the right. e There are 1000 kilounits in a unit. f There are 10 milliunits in a centiunit g There are 1000 milliliters in a cubic centimeter. h The mass of an object is independent of its location in the universe. i Celsius degrees are smaller than Fahrenheit degrees. j The uncertain digit is the last digit written when a number is expressed properly in significant figures. k The quantity 76.2 g means the same as 76.200 g. l The number of significant figures in a sum may be more than the number of significant figures in any of the quantities added. m The number of significant figures in a difference may be fewer than the number of significant figures in any of the quantities subtracted. n The number of significant figures in a product may be more than the number of significant figures in any of the quantities multiplied. o The process of analysis of a problem statement includes describing the properties of the given and wanted quantities. p If the quantity in the answer to a problem is familiar, it is not necessary to check to make sure the answer is reasonable. q Conversion factors can be used to change from one unit to another only when the quantities are directly proportional. r When you are learning chemistry, you should check the solution to each problem you solve at two levels: 1 is the value reasonable? 2 what new knowledge or skill did I obtain or improve? s There is no advantage to using units in a problem that is solved by algebra. t A Fahrenheit temperature can be changed to a Celsius temperature by multiplying by a conversion factor.arrow_forwardGive the name and symbol of the prefixes used with SI units to indicate multiplication by the following exact quantities. 103 102 0.1 103 1,000,000 0.000001arrow_forwardWrite the equivalency and both conversion factors for each relationship: a Ten dimes is one dollar. b A football field is 100 yards long. c 16 ouncers is 1 pound.arrow_forward
- Convert: a 7.19 g of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) to milligrams b 104 pm, the radius of a sulfur atom, to angstroms c 0.010 mm, the diameter of a typical blood capillary, to centimeters d 0.0605 kPa (the pascal, Pa, is a unit of pressure) to centipascalsarrow_forward1.18 Two golfers are practicing shots around a putting green. Each golfer takes 20 shots. Golfer 1 has 7 shots within 1 meter of the hole, and the other 13 shots are scattered around the green. Golfer 2 has 17 shots that go into a small sand trap near the green and 3 just on the green near the trap. Which golfer is more precise? Which is more accurate?arrow_forwardWrite the equivalency and both conversion factors for each relationship: a A pack of gum is 9 pieces. b Two quarters are equal in value to five dimes. c One mile is 5280 feet.arrow_forward
- Write conversion factors (as ratios) for the number of: yards in 1 meter liters in 1 liquid quart pounds in 1 kilogramarrow_forwardWrite conversion factors (as ratios) for the number of: kilometers in 1 mile liters in 1 cubic foot grams in 1 ouncearrow_forwardAlthough the preferred SI unit of area is the square meter, land is often measured in the metric system in hectares (ha). One hectare is equal to 10,000 m2. In the English system, land is often measured in acres (1 acre = 160 rod2). Use the exact conversions and those given in Exercise 47 to calculate the following. a. 1 ha = __________ km2 b. The area of a 5.5-acre plot of land in hectares, square meters, and square kilometers c. A lot with dimensions 120 ft by 75 ft is to be sold for 6500. What is the price per acre? What is the price per hectare?arrow_forward
- Carbon monoxide (CO) detectors sound an alarm when peak levels of carbon monoxide reach 100 parts per million (ppm). This level roughly corresponds to a composition of air that contains 400,000 g carbon monoxide per cubic meter of air (400,000 g/m3). Assuming the dimensions of a room are 18 ft 12 ft 8 ft, estimate the mass of carbon monoxide in the room that would register 100 ppm on a carbon monoxide detector.arrow_forwardThe longest river in the world is the Nile River with a length of 4145 mi. How long is the Nile in cable lengths, meters, and nautical miles? Use these exact conversions to help solve the problem: 6 ft = 1 fathom 100 fathoms = 1 cable length 10 cable lengths = 1 nautical mile 3 nautical miles = 1 leaguearrow_forwardMany times errors are expressed in terms of percentage. The percent error is die absolute value of the difference of the true value and the experimental value, divided by the true value, and multiplied by 100. Percenterror=truevalue-experimentalvaluetruevalue100 Calculate the percent error for the following measurements. a. The density of an aluminum block determined in an experiment was 2.64 g/cm3. (True value 2.70 g/cm3.) b. The experimental determination of iron in iron ore was 16.48%. (True value 16.12%.) c. A balance measured the mass of a 1.000-g standard as 0.9981 g.arrow_forward
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