Sustainable Energy
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781337551663
Author: DUNLAP, Richard A.
Publisher: Cengage,
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Chapter 3, Problem 14P
To determine
Calculate the efficiency of the plant.
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Design head at China’s Three Gorges Dam, the largest hydropower project in the world, is 80.6 m, and rated power output of each of the 32 turbine generator units is 700 MW. If the efficiency of each of the turbine generator units at full power output is 93.2%, what is the design flow through each turbine?
2. Consider the system described in the news: at night, when there is energy left, water is pumped from a large lake to a reservoir at 80 m above the lake level. During the day, this water is used to generate energy in a turbine located 80 m below the elevated reservoir. Considering that the water flow is always 5000 liters/s (both at the inlet of the reservoir and at the outlet) and that the pump and turbine efficiencies are 70%, what is the power (in kW) required by the pump and the power (in kW) recovered in the turbine. Data: The pipe diameter is always the same along the system (d = 0.5 m); g = 10 m/s2; γ = 9810 N/m3.
Matter transport phenomena;
Please make it typeable as handwriting interferes with understanding
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Calculate the "Annual Energy Production" of a hydropower system if the maximum power
output of the system is 65.4 kW.
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- Consider a 400-MW, 32 percent efficient coal-fired power plant that uses cooling water withdrawn from a nearby river (with an upstream flow of 10-m3/s and temperature 20 °C) to take care of waste heat. The heat content of the coal is 8,000 Btu/lb, the carbon content is 60% by mass, and the sulfur content is 2% by mass. How much electricity (in kWh/yr) would the plant produce each year? How many pounds per hour of coal would need to be burned at the plant? Estimate the annual carbon emissions from the plant (in metric tons C/year). If the cooling water is only allowed to rise in temperature by 10 °C, what flow rate (in m3/s) from the stream would be required? What would be the river temperature if all the waste heat was transferred to the river water assuming no heat losses during transfer? Estimate the hourly SO2 emissions (in kg/h) from the plant assuming that all the sulfur is oxidized to SO2 during combustion.arrow_forwardA turbine is rated at 700 hp when the flow of water through it is 0.72 m3/s. Assuming the efficiency is 78%. What is the head acting on the turbine? O 94.79 m O 71.23 m 59.28 m O 111.21 marrow_forwardThe figure below shows a pump delivering 0.014 m3/s of crude oil (SG = 0.85) from an underground storage drum to the first stage of a processing system. (a) If the total energy loss in the system is , calculate the power added by the pump in kW. (b) If the power input to the pump is 16.5 kW, what is the mechanical efficiency of the pump?arrow_forward
- A turbine develops 500 kW power under a head of 100 metres at 200 r.p.m. What would be its normal speed and output under a head of 81 metres?arrow_forwardThe water behind a Dam is 206 m higher than the River below it. The water inthe dam is allowed to flow into the river to generate power.(i) Describe the energy conversions that take place at the hydro powergeneration plant.(ii) Apply the steady flow energy equation to determine the rate the water mustpass through the hydraulic turbines of this dam to produce 50 MW of power if theturbines are 100 percent efficient?arrow_forwardProblem 3. A nuclear-power station produces 750 MW per year as useful energy. costs include 150 MW lost in distribution, and 290 MW lost as heat. What is the efficiency of the plant? The energyarrow_forward
- A hydroelectric power station is supplied from a reservoir having an area of 50 km2and a head of 50 m.If overall efficiency of the plant is 60%, find the rate at which the water level will fall when the stationis generating 30,000 kWarrow_forwardHow many kW are delivered by the water flow to the turbine? O 62 kW O 85 kW O 77 kW O 70 kWarrow_forwardDiscuss the benefits of pumped storage hydropower (PSH).arrow_forward
- Please state any assumptions required to solve problemarrow_forwardThe flow of a river is 150 cubic feet per second at a site where a 75 feet hydrostatic head canbe created by the erection of a dam. What is the potential capacity (in kW) of a hydroelectricpower plant if installed at this site? Consider that hydraulic efficiency of energy conversioncan be 80%, and that the electric efficiency can be 90%.arrow_forwardA Francis turbine of diameter 3.0 m develops 6750 kW at 300 rpm under a net head of 45 m. A geometrically similar model of scale ratio 1: 8 is to be tested at a head of 9 m. Estimate the size, speed discharge and power developed by the model. What is the specific speed of the model? (Assume overall efficiency of 0.82 for both the prototype and model)arrow_forward
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