Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given number should be converted to standard scientific notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
4.861903 × 106.
Explanation of Solution
First, the decimal point is moved until we have a number between 1 and 10. In this case, 4.861903. Because the decimal point was moved six places to the left the power of the 10 is 6. Thus 4.861903 × 106.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given number should be converted into ordinary decimal notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
381.36.
Explanation of Solution
3.8136 × 102= 3.8136 × 100
= 381.36
The power of 10 is positive 2. That means two decimal places have been moved to the left. So in order to get the ordinary decimal number, the decimal place of the scientifically noted number should be moved by two decimal places to the right.
(c)
Interpretation:
The given number should be converted into ordinary decimal notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
0.0051.
Explanation of Solution
5.1 × 10−3=5.11000
= 0.0051
The power of 10 is negative 3. That means three decimal places have been moved to the right. So in order to get the ordinary decimal number, the decimal place of the scientifically noted number should be moved by three decimal places to the left.
(d)
Interpretation:
The given number should be converted to standard scientific notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
7.44 × 10−4.
Explanation of Solution
First, the decimal point is moved until we have a number between 1 and 10. In this case, 7.44. Because the decimal point was moved four places to the right, the power of the 10 is negative 4. Thus 7.44 × 10−4.
(e)
Interpretation:
The given number should be converted to standard scientific notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
4.615 × 103.
Explanation of Solution
8.621 × 105× 5.353 × 10−3= 46.148 × 102
= 4.615 × 103
First, the decimal point is moved until we have a number between 1 and 10. In this case, the number we get after the first calculation is 46.148 × 102. Because the decimal point should be moved 1 places more to the right, the power of the 10 is 3. Thus 4.615 × 103.
(f)
Interpretation:
The given calculation should be done and final answer should be kept in standard scientific notation.
Concept Introduction:
Scientific notation is a method for making very large or very small numbers more compact and easier to write. Scientific notation simply expresses a number as a product of a number between 1 and 10 the appropriate power of 10. The power of 10 depends on the number of places the decimal point is moved and which direction. The number of places the decimal point is moved determines the power of 10. The direction of the move determines whether the power of 10 is positive or negative. If the decimal point is moved to the left, the power of 10 is positive; if the decimal point is moved to the right, the power of 10 is negative.

Answer to Problem 14CR
1.527 × 10−10.
Explanation of Solution
6.283 × 10−6 4.115 × 104=1.527 × 10−6× 10−4
= 1.527 × 10−10.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
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