Explanation Given: The decay constants are k 1 = − 0.138629 and k 2 = − 0.004951 and x 0 is 20. Procedure used: Radioactive decay of first element x: d x d t = − k 1 x Radioactive decay of second element y: d y d t + k 2 y = k 1 x Radioactive decay of third element z: d z d t = k 2 y Calculation: Write the expression for Radioactive decay of first element x . d x d t = − k 1 x 1 x d x = − k 1 d t (1) Integrate both sides of equation (1). ∫ 1 x d x = ∫ − k 1 d t ln ( x ) = − k 1 t + c 1 c 1 = ln ( x ) + k 1 t c 1 = x e k 1 t (2) Substitute boundary conditions t = 0 and x ( 0 ) = x o in equation (2). c 1 = x o e k 1 × 0 c 1 = x o e 0 c 1 = x o Substitute x o for c 1 and − 0.138629 for k 1 in equation (2). x o = x e − 0.138629 t x = x o e 0.138629 t (3) Write the expression for Radioactive decay of second element y . d y d t + k 2 y = k 1 x (4) Substitute x o e − k 1 t for x in equation (4). d y d t + k 2 y = k 1 x o e − k 1 t Write the expression to calculate the integrating factor. I = e ∫ P d t (5) Compare equation (4) with general differential equation to obtain value of P as k 2 and Q as k 1 x o e − k 1 t . Substitute k 2 for P in equation (5). I = e ∫ k 2 d t I = e k 2 ∫ d t I = e k 2 t Substitute e k 2 t for I in general solution equation. e k 2 t y = ∫ e k 2 t λ 1 x o e − k 1 t d t e k 2 t y = k 1 x o ∫ e ( k 2 − k 1 ) t d t e k 2 t y = k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) e ( k 2 − k 1 ) t + c 2 y = k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) e ( − k 1 ) t + c 2 e − k 2 t (6) Substitute boundary condition y ( 0 ) = 0 in equation (6). 0 = k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) e ( − k 1 ) 0 + c 2 e − k 2 0 0 = k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) + c 2 c 2 = − k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) Substitute − k 1 x o ( k 2 − k 1 ) for c 2 , − 0.138629 for k 1 and − 0.004951 for k 2 in equation (6). y = − 0.138629 x o ( − 0.004951 + 0.138629 ) e ( 0.138629 ) t − − 0.138629 x o ( λ 2 − 0.138629 ) e − 0.004951 y = − 0.138629 x o ( − 0.004951 + 0.138629 ) ( e ( − 0.138629 ) t − e ( − 0.004951 ) t ) y = − 0.138629 x o 0133678 ( e ( − 0.138629 ) t − e ( − 0.004951 ) t ) (7) Write the expression for Radioactive decay of third element z

6th Edition

ISBN: 9781284105902

Author: Dennis G. Zill

Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

See similar textbooks

Concept explainers

Differential Equations

Have you ever observed the movement of the satellites and rockets or how the planets go around the sun in their orbits? How will you determine their motion? Definitely they follow some scientific laws and these kinds of problems are framed as differentia…

Videos

Question

Chapter 2.9, Problem 3E

To determine

Determine the approximate time when the amounts x(t) and y(t) are same, the approximate time when the amounts x(t) and z(t) are same and the approximate time when the amounts y(t) and z(t) are same and why does the time that is determined when the amounts y(t) and z(t) are same make intuitive sense?

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Chapter 2.9, Problem 2E

Chapter 2.9, Problem 4E

Students have asked these similar questions

why the know-show table below is not valid: I know something is wrong in the step p2-p5 but I don't know how to explain it. Can you explain why please.

Consider the following statement: For all integers a and b, if a 0 (mod 6) and b #0 (mod 6), then ab #0 (mod 6). Which of the following statements are true? (select all that apply) Original statement ✓ Contrapositive Converse Negation ☐ None of the statements are true

Proposition: If m is an odd integer, then m + 6 is an odd integer. Proof: For m + 6 to be an odd integer, there must exist an integer n such that m+6=2n+1. Subtracting 6 from both sides, we see that m = 2n+1-6 = = 2n― 6+1 = 2(n − 3) + 1. Since the integers are closed under subtraction, then n-3 € Z. Hence, the last equation implies that m = = 2q+1 where q = n = 3. This proves - that if m is an odd integer, then m + 6 is an odd integer. Based upon the Reading assignment and the Elements of Style >>, which of the following is the most significant error in the proof? The proof does not use complete sentences The proof contains a sentence that begins with a mathematical symbol The proof uses cumbersome notation The proof contains a variable used for more than one object The proof is written backwards The proof uses an example to prove the general case

Chapter 2 Solutions

Advanced Engineering Mathematics

Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 10E

Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 43E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 44E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 45E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 46E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 47E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 48E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 49E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 50E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 51E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 52E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 53E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 43E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 44E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 45E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 46E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 47E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 48E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 49E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 50E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 51E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 52E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 53E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 56E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 43E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 44E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 45E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 43E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 44E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 45E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 46E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 48E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 50E Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 51E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2 - Prob. 1CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 3CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 4CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 5CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 6CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 7CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 8CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 9CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 10CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 11CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 12CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 13CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 14CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 15CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 16CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 17CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 18CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 19CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 20CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 21CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 22CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 23CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 24CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 25CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 26CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 27CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 28CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 29CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 30CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 31CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 32CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 33CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 34CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 35CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 36CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 37CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 38CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 39CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 40CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 41CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 42CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 43CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 44CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 45CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 46CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 47CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 48CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 49CR Ch. 2 - Prob. 50CR

Knowledge Booster

$Advanced Math$

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, advanced-math and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Solution Summary: The author calculates the approximate time when the amounts x(t) and

Concept explainers

Videos

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 2 Solutions