Chapter 29, Problem 1E

What are the basic observations about the universe that any theory of cosmology must explain?

To determine

The basic universe observations that any cosmology theory must explain.

Answer to Problem 1E

The basic universe observations that any cosmology theory must explainare:

1) Universe expansion.

2) CMBR-Cosmic microwave Background Radiation.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Cosmology is one of the studies which is concerned about the evolution and origin of the Universe. It is one of the branches of astronomy which deals with the eventual fate of the Universe. The Big Bang theory is the modern form of Cosmology which contains particle physics and observational astronomy.

Cosmology is the study which basically deals with the evolution and organization of the Universe.

The theory explains about the universe expansion and CMBR-Cosmic microwave Background Radiation.

Cosmic microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is the radiation which spreads over the universe and had happened from the beginning of the universe. It is believed that, this radiation originated because of the Big Bang or the birth of the Universe.

The basic universe observations that any cosmology theory must explain are:

1. Universe expansion- It was observed by Doppler who stated that, the light arriving from the farther galaxies are red shifted. So, it is possible only if the galaxy is moving far away from the eye of the observer. Hence, the universe expansion is happening.
2. CMBR-Cosmic microwave Background Radiation- During the birth of the Universe, the radiation was produced and it had spread everywhere in the universe which caused a small amount of average temperature in the universe which could be more or less $\text{2}.\text{73 K}$ which falls like microwave radiation.

Conclusion:

Hence, the basic universe observations that any cosmology theory must explain are:

1) Universe expansion.

2) CMBR-Cosmic microwave Background Radiation.