
Concept explainers
Identify the following bases, and tell whether each is found in DNA, RNA, or both:

a)
Interpretation:
To identify the following bases and state whether each lie in DNA, RNA or both.
Concept introduction:
Proteins and biopolymers are made up of amino acids, nucleic acids which are joined together to form a long chain. Nucleic acids are the biopolymers of nucleotides, which is composed of a nucleoside. Each nucleoside is bonded to a phosphate group.
Each nucleoside is composed of an aldopentose sugar linked through its anomeric carbon to the nitrogen atom of a heterocyclic purine or pyrimidine base. RNA contains ribose as a sugar component and DNA contains 29-deoxyribose as a sugar component.
DNA contains four different amine bases: two substituted purines (adenine and guanine) and two substituted pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Adenine, guanine, and cytosine also occur in RNA, but thymine is replaced in RNA by a closely related pyrimidine base called uracil.
Answer to Problem 13VC
The base given here is: Guanine (G)
It is found in both DNA and RNA.
Explanation of Solution
In the above diagrams of bases, guanine and cytosine are found in DNA and RNA. Whereas, uracil is found in only RNA. Here the blue atoms are the symbols for nitrogen, red atom represents oxygen, black atom represents carbon and grey atom represnts hydrogen.
The base given here is: Guanine (G)
It is found in both DNA and RNA.

b)
Interpretation:
To identify the following bases and state whether each lie in DNA, RNA or both.
Concept introduction:
Proteins and biopolymers are made up of amino acids, nucleic acids which are joined together to form a long chain. Nucleic acids are the biopolymers of nucleotides, which is composed of a nucleoside. Each nucleoside is bonded to a phosphate group.
Each nucleoside is composed of an aldopentose sugar linked through its anomeric carbon to the nitrogen atom of a heterocyclic purine or pyrimidine base. RNA contains ribose as a sugar component and DNA contains 29-deoxyribose as a sugar component.
DNA contains four different amine bases: two substituted purines (adenine and guanine) and two substituted pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Adenine, guanine, and cytosine also occur in RNA, but thymine is replaced in RNA by a closely related pyrimidine base called uracil.
Answer to Problem 13VC
The base given here is: Uracil (U)
It is found in RNA.
Explanation of Solution
In the above diagrams of bases, guanine and cytosine are found in DNA and RNA. Whereas, uracil is found in only RNA. Here the blue atoms are the symbols for nitrogen, red atom represents oxygen, black atom represents carbon and grey atom represnts hydrogen.
The base given here is: Uracil (U)
It is found in RNA.

c)
Interpretation:
To identify the following bases and state whether each lie in DNA, RNA or both.
Concept introduction:
Proteins and biopolymers are made up of amino acids, nucleic acids which are joined together to form a long chain. Nucleic acids are the biopolymers of nucleotides, which is composed of a nucleoside. Each nucleoside is bonded to a phosphate group.
Each nucleoside is composed of an aldopentose sugar linked through its anomeric carbon to the nitrogen atom of a heterocyclic purine or pyrimidine base. RNA contains ribose as a sugar component and DNA contains 29-deoxyribose as a sugar component.
DNA contains four different amine bases: two substituted purines (adenine and guanine) and two substituted pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Adenine, guanine, and cytosine also occur in RNA, but thymine is replaced in RNA by a closely related pyrimidine base called uracil.
Answer to Problem 13VC
The base given here is: Cytosine (C)
It is found in both DNA and RNA.
Explanation of Solution
In the above diagrams of bases, guanine and cytosine are found in DNA and RNA. Whereas, uracil is found in only RNA. Here the blue atoms are the symbols for nitrogen, red atom represents oxygen, black atom represents carbon and grey atom represnts hydrogen.
The base given here is: Cytosine (C)
It is found in both DNA and RNA.
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