Concept explainers
To explain:
The tree dies slowly (weekly) or quickly. As if a complete ring of bark is removed around a tree trunk (a process is called girdling).
Introduction:
The complete removal of a layer of bark that consist cork cambium or phloem from a branch of a tree or a woody plant is termed as girdling. It is also termed as ring-barking.
In trees and woody plants, growth and development occur simultaneously as primary and secondary. The primary growth occurs in stems and roots to add leaves and stems in the younger regions of a plant, while the secondary growth increases the thickness of stems and roots in the older regions.
The vascular cambium and cork cambium is tissues of secondary growth. The cork cambium plays a major role in the production of a tough, thick covering of waxy cells which protects the stem.
The vascular tissue system comprises two primary components: xylem and phloem. These components function together for the growth, development and photosynthesis in plants.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 28 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
- 10. Modified true or false: Write T if the statement is true; if false, write F, underline the word that makes the statement false and give the correct answer. a. Collenchyma cells give a cell the extra assistance it needs to grow in empty regions like shoots and leaves. b. The cell membrane provides energy for the cell. c. If you looked at the papaya tree's stem and root cross-section through the microscope, the phloem and xylem would be visible in a scattered and circular manner, respectively. d. Plant cells always appear in black and white. e. Sugarcane's stem, a monocot plant, is being observed under the microscope, the presence of pith is noticeable.arrow_forwardWhat If? After growing carrots for one season, agardener decides that the carrots are too small. Sincecarrots are biennials, the gardener leaves the crop in theground for a second year, thinking the carrot roots willgrow larger. Is this a good idea? Explain.arrow_forwardpls answer this problemarrow_forward
- (a) Describe the role of mitosis in the growth of a plant. (b) Explain why there are more cells observed in mitosis in the root tip than in the woody stem.arrow_forwardAnswer the questions 1) How are parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma distinguished from one another? 2) The cambium produced xylem toward the center of a tree and phloem toward the outside. Do you think it would make any difference if the position of the xylem and phloem were reversed? Why? •3) Describe three differences relating to vascular bundles between herbaceous eudicot stems and monocot stems. 4) Based on cell structure, how can you differentiate between xylem and phloem in an herbaceous stem?arrow_forward1. Consider the tradeoffs between having a living exterior with guard cells vs. a thick layer of waterproofed dead cells. How might this impact the ability of the plant to interact with the outer environment? 2. Why do some seeds undergo a period of dormancy, and how do they break dormancy? 3. Girdling is a process used to slowly kill a tree and/or to create a standing dead tree (a snag). Explain why girdling would kill a tree.arrow_forward
- Please answer question 4arrow_forwardSclerophyllous foliage leaves like those in holly, barberry (as shown), and Yucca (as shown) have many unusual features. Do they live for 1 year or longer? They are more resistant to animals that might try to eat them. Why? What type of cells do they have that most leaves do not have?arrow_forwardHarvest of cork from cork oaks (Quercus suber) is _________________, because it involves targeted (i.e., intentional) removal of the __________________, and the ________ is unaffected. (recall that inner bark = secondary phloem)arrow_forward
- I. Look for representative specimens of herbaceous dicot and monocot stem. The external parts that can be observed are nodes, internodes, leaf scar, lenticel, and buds (axillary and terminal). Examine and compare their external morphology by answering the questions below: 1.. What is the function of the lenticels? Do all stems have lenticels? 2. How can you differentiate a monocot plant from a dicot plant just by looking at the stem? 3. What advantage would herbaceous stems have over woody stems? 4. What advantage would woody stems have over herbaceous stems? II. Compare the internal anatomy of stems of xerophytes, mesophytes, and hydrophytes. Relate differences to the nature/habit of the different plants.arrow_forward(1) Distinguishing wood and bark • In this tree slice, label the secondary xylem. • Label the bark. Where is the cork? • Where is the secondary phloem? secondary xylemarrow_forwardQuestion 1: What is meant by modification of root? What type of modification of root is found in the (a) Banyan tree (b) Turnip (c) Mangrove treesarrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
- Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781337408332Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning