MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric. Concept introduction: Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed. Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals. Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals. Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals. Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact. Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals. Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively. HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital. LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital. If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric. If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric. Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions. Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below Number of conjugated Π bonds Reaction conditions Allowed mode of rong closure Even number Thermal Conrotatory Photochemical Disrotatory Odd number Thermal Disrotatory Photochemical Conrotatory

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!

. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavage

Which carbocation is more stable?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Answer 6

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Answer 7

Chapter 28.3, Problem 5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: MOs for the given conjugated systems has to be drawn and the HOMO has to be predicted as symmetric or antisymmetric.

Concept introduction:

Conjugated system: A system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Molecular orbital theory suggests that atomic orbitals of different atoms combines to create molecular orbitals.

Molecular orbitals can be constructed from linear combination of atomic orbitals.

Bonding orbotals are formed by the additive combination of atomic orbitals and the antibonding orbitals are formed by the substractive combination of atomic orbitals.

Antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital that results when two parallel atomic orbitals with opposite phases interact.

Antibonding orbitals have higher energy than the bonding molecular orbitals.

Ground state and and exited states are the positions with lower and higher energy respectively.

HOMO is a molecular orbital which is the abbrevation of Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital.

LUMO is also a molecular orbital which is the short form of Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital.

If the lobes at the ends of the MO are in phase, then the MO is symmetric.

If the two lobes are out phase then the MO is antisymmetric.

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The validity of Woodward – Hoffmann rule for an electrocyclic reaction has to be checked using the MOs of given systems.

Concept introduction:

Woodward –Hoffmann rules are the set of rules used to vindicate or predict certain aspects of the stereo chemical outcome and activation energy of pericyclic reactions.

Woodward – Hoffmann rules for Electrocyclic reactions are listed below

Number of conjugated Π bondsReaction conditionsAllowed mode of rong closureEven numberThermalConrotatoryPhotochemicalDisrotatoryOdd numberThermalDisrotatoryPhotochemicalConrotatory

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 12

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 13

Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 28.2 - Give a molecular orbital description for each of...Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 8P Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 10P Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 11P

Solution Summary: The author explains that a conjugated system is composed of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons with alternating single and multiple bonds and the compound may be cyclic, linear or mixed.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 28 Solutions