Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 28.2, Problem 1CC

Why do some biologists describe the mitochondria of diplomonads and parabasalids as "highly reduced"?

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Diplomonads have neither mitochondria nor hydrogenosomes. All ATP is produced in their cytoplasm. What energy-releasing pathways might they use to make ATP?
After plasmogamy has occurred, many molds (Mucoromycetes) exist in a heterokaryotic stage for up to centuries at a time. What occurs at the immediate end of this stage? The nuclei fuse in a process called karyogamy. The hyphae fuse in a process called karyogamy. Diploid spores are produced in various spore-producing structures. A haploid zygote is formed that becomes multicellular through repeated rounds of mitosis.
DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 did the mystery protist’s lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain.

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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY