Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260048766
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2.8, Problem 59P
To determine
The reduction in the heat supply by the motor to the engine compartment at full load.
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2. A program to make the part depicted in Figure 26.A has been created, presented in figure 26.B,
but some information still needs to be filled in. Compute the tool locations, depths, and other
missing information to present a completed program. (Hint: You may have to look up geometry
for the center drill and standard 0.5000 in twist drill to know the required depth to drill).
Dashed line indicates -
corner of original stock
Intended toolpath-tangent -
arc entry and exit sized to
programmer's judgment
026022 (Slot and Drill Part)
(Setup Instructions.
(UNITS: Inches
(WORKPIECE MAT'L: SAE 1020 STEEL
(Workpiece: 3.25 x 2.00 x0.75 in. Plate
(PRZ Location G54:
( XY 0.0 Upper Left of Fixture
( TOP OF PART 2-0
(Tool List:
)
(
T04
T02 0.500 IN 4 FLUTE FLAT END MILL)
#4 CENTER DRILL
'
T02
0.500 TWIST DRILL
N010 GOO G90 G17 G20 G49 G40 G80 G54
N020 M06 T02 (0.5 IN 4-FLUTE END MILL)
R0.750
N030 S760 M03 G00 x
N040 043 H02 2
Y
(P1)
(RAPID DOWN -TLO)
P4
NO50 MOB (COOLANT ON)
N060 G01 X
R1.000
N070…
6–95. The reaction of the ballast on the railway tie can be assumed uniformly distributed over its length as shown. If the wood has an allowable bending stress of σallow=1.5 ksi, determine the required minimum thickness t of the rectangular cross section of the tie to the nearest 18 in. Please include all steps. Also if you can, please explain how you found Mmax using an equation rather than using just the moment diagram. Thank you!
6–53. If the moment acting on the cross section is M=600 N⋅m, determine the resultant force the bending stress produces on the top board. Please explain each step. Please explain how you got the numbers and where you plugged them in to solve the problem. Thank you!
Chapter 2 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 2.8 - What is the difference between the macroscopic and...Ch. 2.8 - What is total energy? Identify the different forms...Ch. 2.8 - List the forms of energy that contribute to the...Ch. 2.8 - How are heat, internal energy, and thermal energy...Ch. 2.8 - What is mechanical energy? How does it differ from...Ch. 2.8 - Portable electric heaters are commonly used to...Ch. 2.8 - Natural gas, which is mostly methane CH4, is a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider the falling of a rock off a cliff into...Ch. 2.8 - Electric power is to be generated by installing a...Ch. 2.8 - The specific kinetic energy of a moving mass is...
Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific kinetic energy of a mass...Ch. 2.8 - Calculate the total potential energy, in Btu, of...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific potential energy, in kJ/kg,...Ch. 2.8 - An object whose mass is 100 kg is located 20 m...Ch. 2.8 - A water jet that leaves a nozzle at 60 m/s at a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - What is the caloric theory? When and why was it...Ch. 2.8 - In what forms can energy cross the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - What is an adiabatic process? What is an adiabatic...Ch. 2.8 - When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider an automobile traveling at a constant...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated as a result of solar radiation...Ch. 2.8 - A gas in a pistoncylinder device is compressed,...Ch. 2.8 - A small electrical motor produces 5 W of...Ch. 2.8 - A car is accelerated from rest to 85 km/h in 10 s....Ch. 2.8 - A construction crane lifts a prestressed concrete...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the torque applied to the shaft of a car...Ch. 2.8 - A spring whose spring constant is 200 lbf/in has...Ch. 2.8 - How much work, in kJ, can a spring whose spring...Ch. 2.8 - A ski lift has a one-way length of 1 km and a...Ch. 2.8 - The engine of a 1500-kg automobile has a power...Ch. 2.8 - A damaged 1200-kg car is being towed by a truck....Ch. 2.8 - As a spherical ammonia vapor bubble rises in...Ch. 2.8 - A steel rod of 0.5 cm diameter and 10 m length is...Ch. 2.8 - What are the different mechanisms for transferring...Ch. 2.8 - For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on...Ch. 2.8 - Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a...Ch. 2.8 - An adiabatic closed system is accelerated from 0...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A vertical pistoncylinder device contains water...Ch. 2.8 - At winter design conditions, a house is projected...Ch. 2.8 - A water pump increases the water pressure from 15...Ch. 2.8 - The lighting needs of a storage room are being met...Ch. 2.8 - A university campus has 200 classrooms and 400...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor...Ch. 2.8 - An escalator in a shopping center is designed to...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2100-kg car cruising at constant speed...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 51PCh. 2.8 - What is mechanical efficiency? What does a...Ch. 2.8 - How is the combined pumpmotor efficiency of a pump...Ch. 2.8 - Can the combined turbinegenerator efficiency be...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2.4-kW hooded electric open burner in...Ch. 2.8 - The steam requirements of a manufacturing facility...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 256E. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - A 75-hp (shaft output) motor that has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 59PCh. 2.8 - An exercise room has six weight-lifting machines...Ch. 2.8 - A room is cooled by circulating chilled water...Ch. 2.8 - The water in a large lake is to be used to...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-hp (shaft) pump is used to raise water to an...Ch. 2.8 - A geothermal pump is used to pump brine whose...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 265. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to a higher...Ch. 2.8 - An 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m...Ch. 2.8 - Large wind turbines with a power capacity of 8 MW...Ch. 2.8 - A hydraulic turbine has 85 m of elevation...Ch. 2.8 - The water behind Hoover Dam in Nevada is 206 m...Ch. 2.8 - An oil pump is drawing 44 kW of electric power...Ch. 2.8 - A wind turbine is rotating at 15 rpm under steady...Ch. 2.8 - How does energy conversion affect the environment?...Ch. 2.8 - What is acid rain? Why is it called a rain? How do...Ch. 2.8 - Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant?...Ch. 2.8 - What is the greenhouse effect? How does the excess...Ch. 2.8 - What is smog? What does it consist of? How does...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a household that uses 14,000 kWh of...Ch. 2.8 - When a hydrocarbon fuel is burned, almost all of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 82PCh. 2.8 - A typical car driven 20,000 km a year emits to the...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 84PCh. 2.8 - What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?Ch. 2.8 - Which is a better heat conductor, diamond or...Ch. 2.8 - How does forced convection differ from natural...Ch. 2.8 - What is a blackbody? How do real bodies differ...Ch. 2.8 - Define emissivity and absorptivity. What is...Ch. 2.8 - Does any of the energy of the sun reach the earth...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m 6-m brick...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm-thick 2-m...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 292. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 94PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 95PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 96PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 97PCh. 2.8 - For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 99PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 100PCh. 2.8 - A 1000-W iron is left on the ironing board with...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-cm-external-diameter, 18-m-long hot-water pipe...Ch. 2.8 - A thin metal plate is insulated on the back and...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 2103. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - The outer surface of a spacecraft in space has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 106PCh. 2.8 - A hollow spherical iron container whose outer...Ch. 2.8 - Some engineers have developed a device that...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a classroom for 55 students and one...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a homeowner who is replacing his...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 2.8 - The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that...Ch. 2.8 - A typical household pays about 1200 a year on...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 114RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 115RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 2.8 - Consider a TV set that consumes 120 W of electric...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a 200-ft-deep well into a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 120RPCh. 2.8 - In a hydroelectric power plant, 65 m3/s of water...Ch. 2.8 - The demand for electric power is usually much...Ch. 2.8 - The pump of a water distribution system is powered...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 124RPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 126FEPCh. 2.8 - A 75-hp compressor in a facility that operates at...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, the air in a well-sealed room...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A 900-kg car cruising at a constant speed of 60...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 131FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 132FEPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW pump is used to pump kerosene ( = 0.820...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 134FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 136FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 2.8 - Heat is transferred steadily through a...Ch. 2.8 - The roof of an electrically heated house is 7 m...
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- Solving coplanar forcesarrow_forwardComplete the following problems. Show your work/calculations, save as.pdf and upload to the assignment in Blackboard. 1. What are the x and y dimensions for the center position of holes 1,2, and 3 in the part shown in Figure 26.2 (below)? 6.0000 7118 Zero reference point 1.0005 1.0000 1.252 Bore C' bore 1.250 6.0000 .7118 0.2180 deep (3 holes) 2.6563 1.9445 3.000 diam. slot 0.3000 deep. 0.3000 wide 2.6563 1.9445arrow_forwardComplete the following problems. Show your work/calculations, save as.pdf and upload to the assignment in Blackboard. missing information to present a completed program. (Hint: You may have to look up geometry for the center drill and standard 0.5000 in twist drill to know the required depth to drill). 1. What are the x and y dimensions for the center position of holes 1,2, and 3 in the part shown in Figure 26.2 (below)? 6.0000 Zero reference point 7118 1.0005 1.0000 1.252 Bore 6.0000 .7118 Cbore 0.2180 deep (3 holes) 2.6563 1.9445 Figure 26.2 026022 (8lot and Drill Part) (Setup Instructions--- (UNITS: Inches (WORKPIECE NAT'L SAE 1020 STEEL (Workpiece: 3.25 x 2.00 x0.75 in. Plate (PRZ Location 054: ' XY 0.0 - Upper Left of Fixture TOP OF PART 2-0 (Tool List ( T02 0.500 IN 4 FLUTE FLAT END MILL #4 CENTER DRILL Dashed line indicates- corner of original stock ( T04 T02 3.000 diam. slot 0.3000 deep. 0.3000 wide Intended toolpath-tangent- arc entry and exit sized to programmer's judgment…arrow_forward
- A program to make the part depicted in Figure 26.A has been created, presented in figure 26.B, but some information still needs to be filled in. Compute the tool locations, depths, and other missing information to present a completed program. (Hint: You may have to look up geometry for the center drill and standard 0.5000 in twist drill to know the required depth to drill).arrow_forwardWe consider a laminar flow induced by an impulsively started infinite flat plate. The y-axis is normal to the plate. The x- and z-axes form a plane parallel to the plate. The plate is defined by y = 0. For time t <0, the plate and the flow are at rest. For t≥0, the velocity of the plate is parallel to the 2-coordinate; its value is constant and equal to uw. At infinity, the flow is at rest. The flow induced by the motion of the plate is independent of z. (a) From the continuity equation, show that v=0 everywhere in the flow and the resulting momentum equation is მu Ət Note that this equation has the form of a diffusion equation (the same form as the heat equation). (b) We introduce the new variables T, Y and U such that T=kt, Y=k/2y, U = u where k is an arbitrary constant. In the new system of variables, the solution is U(Y,T). The solution U(Y,T) is expressed by a function of Y and T and the solution u(y, t) is expressed by a function of y and t. Show that the functions are identical.…arrow_forwardPart A: Suppose you wanted to drill a 1.5 in diameter hole through a piece of 1020 cold-rolled steel that is 2 in thick, using an HSS twist drill. What values if feed and cutting speed will you specify, along with an appropriate allowance? Part B: How much time will be required to drill the hole in the previous problem using the HSS drill?arrow_forward
- 1.1 m 1.3 m B 60-mm diameter Brass 40-mm diameter Aluminum PROBLEM 2.52 - A rod consisting of two cylindrical portions AB and BC is restrained at both ends. Portion AB is made of brass (E₁ = 105 GPa, α = 20.9×10°/°C) and portion BC is made of aluminum (Ę₁ =72 GPa, α = 23.9×10/°C). Knowing that the rod is initially unstressed, determine (a) the normal stresses induced in portions AB and BC by a temperature rise of 42°C, (b) the corresponding deflection of point B.arrow_forward30 mm D = 40 MPa -30 mm B C 80 MPa PROBLEM 2.69 A 30-mm square was scribed on the side of a large steel pressure vessel. After pressurization, the biaxial stress condition at the square is as shown. For E = 200 GPa and v=0.30, determine the change in length of (a) side AB, (b) side BC, (c) diagnonal AC.arrow_forwardPlease solve in detail this problem thank youarrow_forward
- 0,5 mm 450 mm 350 mm Bronze A = 1500 mm² E = 105 GPa प 21.6 × 10-PC Aluminum A = 1800 mm² £ = 73 GPa = a 23.2 × 10-PC PROBLEM 2.58 Knowing that a 0.5-mm gap exists when the temperature is 24°C, determine (a) the temperature at which the normal stress in the aluminum bar will be equal to -75 MPa, (b) the corresponding exact length of the aluminum bar.arrow_forward0.5 mm 450 mm -350 mm Bronze Aluminum A 1500 mm² A 1800 mm² E 105 GPa E 73 GPa K = 21.6 X 10 G < = 23.2 × 10-G PROBLEM 2.59 Determine (a) the compressive force in the bars shown after a temperature rise of 82°C, (b) the corresponding change in length of the bronze bar.arrow_forwardThe truss shown below sits on a roller at A and a pin at E. Determine the magnitudes of the forces in truss members GH, GB, BC and GC. State whether they are in tension or compression or are zero force members.arrow_forward
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