Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260048766
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2.8, Problem 132FEP
To determine
The electric power output of hydroelectric power plant.
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Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 25 m above at a rate of 70 L's while consuming 22.4 kW of electric power. Disregarding any frictional losses in the pipes and any changes in
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 2.8 - What is the difference between the macroscopic and...Ch. 2.8 - What is total energy? Identify the different forms...Ch. 2.8 - List the forms of energy that contribute to the...Ch. 2.8 - How are heat, internal energy, and thermal energy...Ch. 2.8 - What is mechanical energy? How does it differ from...Ch. 2.8 - Portable electric heaters are commonly used to...Ch. 2.8 - Natural gas, which is mostly methane CH4, is a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider the falling of a rock off a cliff into...Ch. 2.8 - Electric power is to be generated by installing a...Ch. 2.8 - The specific kinetic energy of a moving mass is...
Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific kinetic energy of a mass...Ch. 2.8 - Calculate the total potential energy, in Btu, of...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the specific potential energy, in kJ/kg,...Ch. 2.8 - An object whose mass is 100 kg is located 20 m...Ch. 2.8 - A water jet that leaves a nozzle at 60 m/s at a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - What is the caloric theory? When and why was it...Ch. 2.8 - In what forms can energy cross the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - What is an adiabatic process? What is an adiabatic...Ch. 2.8 - When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider an automobile traveling at a constant...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated as a result of solar radiation...Ch. 2.8 - A gas in a pistoncylinder device is compressed,...Ch. 2.8 - A small electrical motor produces 5 W of...Ch. 2.8 - A car is accelerated from rest to 85 km/h in 10 s....Ch. 2.8 - A construction crane lifts a prestressed concrete...Ch. 2.8 - Determine the torque applied to the shaft of a car...Ch. 2.8 - A spring whose spring constant is 200 lbf/in has...Ch. 2.8 - How much work, in kJ, can a spring whose spring...Ch. 2.8 - A ski lift has a one-way length of 1 km and a...Ch. 2.8 - The engine of a 1500-kg automobile has a power...Ch. 2.8 - A damaged 1200-kg car is being towed by a truck....Ch. 2.8 - As a spherical ammonia vapor bubble rises in...Ch. 2.8 - A steel rod of 0.5 cm diameter and 10 m length is...Ch. 2.8 - What are the different mechanisms for transferring...Ch. 2.8 - For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on...Ch. 2.8 - Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a...Ch. 2.8 - An adiabatic closed system is accelerated from 0...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A vertical pistoncylinder device contains water...Ch. 2.8 - At winter design conditions, a house is projected...Ch. 2.8 - A water pump increases the water pressure from 15...Ch. 2.8 - The lighting needs of a storage room are being met...Ch. 2.8 - A university campus has 200 classrooms and 400...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor...Ch. 2.8 - An escalator in a shopping center is designed to...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2100-kg car cruising at constant speed...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 51PCh. 2.8 - What is mechanical efficiency? What does a...Ch. 2.8 - How is the combined pumpmotor efficiency of a pump...Ch. 2.8 - Can the combined turbinegenerator efficiency be...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2.4-kW hooded electric open burner in...Ch. 2.8 - The steam requirements of a manufacturing facility...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 256E. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - A 75-hp (shaft output) motor that has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 59PCh. 2.8 - An exercise room has six weight-lifting machines...Ch. 2.8 - A room is cooled by circulating chilled water...Ch. 2.8 - The water in a large lake is to be used to...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-hp (shaft) pump is used to raise water to an...Ch. 2.8 - A geothermal pump is used to pump brine whose...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 265. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to a higher...Ch. 2.8 - An 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m...Ch. 2.8 - Large wind turbines with a power capacity of 8 MW...Ch. 2.8 - A hydraulic turbine has 85 m of elevation...Ch. 2.8 - The water behind Hoover Dam in Nevada is 206 m...Ch. 2.8 - An oil pump is drawing 44 kW of electric power...Ch. 2.8 - A wind turbine is rotating at 15 rpm under steady...Ch. 2.8 - How does energy conversion affect the environment?...Ch. 2.8 - What is acid rain? Why is it called a rain? How do...Ch. 2.8 - Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant?...Ch. 2.8 - What is the greenhouse effect? How does the excess...Ch. 2.8 - What is smog? What does it consist of? How does...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a household that uses 14,000 kWh of...Ch. 2.8 - When a hydrocarbon fuel is burned, almost all of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 82PCh. 2.8 - A typical car driven 20,000 km a year emits to the...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 84PCh. 2.8 - What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?Ch. 2.8 - Which is a better heat conductor, diamond or...Ch. 2.8 - How does forced convection differ from natural...Ch. 2.8 - What is a blackbody? How do real bodies differ...Ch. 2.8 - Define emissivity and absorptivity. What is...Ch. 2.8 - Does any of the energy of the sun reach the earth...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m 6-m brick...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm-thick 2-m...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 292. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 94PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 95PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 96PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 97PCh. 2.8 - For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 99PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 100PCh. 2.8 - A 1000-W iron is left on the ironing board with...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-cm-external-diameter, 18-m-long hot-water pipe...Ch. 2.8 - A thin metal plate is insulated on the back and...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 2103. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - The outer surface of a spacecraft in space has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 106PCh. 2.8 - A hollow spherical iron container whose outer...Ch. 2.8 - Some engineers have developed a device that...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a classroom for 55 students and one...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a homeowner who is replacing his...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 2.8 - The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that...Ch. 2.8 - A typical household pays about 1200 a year on...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 114RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 115RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 2.8 - Consider a TV set that consumes 120 W of electric...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a 200-ft-deep well into a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 120RPCh. 2.8 - In a hydroelectric power plant, 65 m3/s of water...Ch. 2.8 - The demand for electric power is usually much...Ch. 2.8 - The pump of a water distribution system is powered...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 124RPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 126FEPCh. 2.8 - A 75-hp compressor in a facility that operates at...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, the air in a well-sealed room...Ch. 2.8 - A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity...Ch. 2.8 - A 900-kg car cruising at a constant speed of 60...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 131FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 132FEPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW pump is used to pump kerosene ( = 0.820...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 134FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 136FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 2.8 - Heat is transferred steadily through a...Ch. 2.8 - The roof of an electrically heated house is 7 m...
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- Water in the rural areas is often extracted from underground water source whose free surface is 65m below ground level. The water is to be raised 5 m above the ground by a pump. The diameter of the pipe is 10 cm at the inlet and 15 cm at the exit. Neglecting any heat interaction with the surroundings and frictional heating effects. What is the necessary power input to the pump in kW for a steady flow of water at the rate of 0.55 m3/s? Assume pump efficiency of 75%.arrow_forwardWater is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m above at a rate of 70 L/s while consuming 15.4 kW of electric power, as shown in Figure 4 below. Disregarding any frictional losses in the pipes and any changes in kinetic energy, determine a) the overall efficiency of the pump-motor unit and; b) the pressure difference between the inlet and the exit of the pump. Storage tank 15 m Pump Figure 4arrow_forwardA 10,000 KW run-of-river hydro-electric plant has an available head of 200 ft and has an overall efficiency of 90% that remains constant for all loads. For a given day during the low-water season the customers receiving primary power have the following loads: 8000KW for 2 hrs, 6000 KW for 2 hours, 4000 KW for 10 hrs, 2000 KW for 10 hrs. For a river flow remaining onstant at 525 ft/s, how much secondary power could this plant provide during the entire day?arrow_forward
- Consider an underground water source whose free surface is 60 m below ground level. The water is to be raised 5 m above the ground by a pump. The diameter of the pipe is 10 cm at the inlet and 15 cm at the exit. Neglecting any heat interaction with the surroundings and frictional heating effects, determine the power input to the pump required for a steady flow of work at a rate of 15 lps.arrow_forwardPlease verify my answerarrow_forwardWater is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m above at a rate of 70 L/s while consuming 15.4 kW of electric power. Disregarding any frictional losses in the pipes and any changes in kinetic energy, determine (a) the overall efficiency of the pump–motor unit and (b) the pressure difference between the inlet and the exit of the pump.arrow_forward
- Water is stored in an elevated reservoir. To generate power, water flows from this reservoir down through a large conduit to a turbine and then through a similar-sized conduit. At a point in the conduit 89.5 m above the turbine, the pressure is 172.4 kPa and at a level 5 m below the turbine, the pressure is 89.6 kPa The water flow rate is 0.800ms The output of the shaft the turbine is 658 kW. The water density is 1000 ke m. If the efficiency of the turbine in converting the mechanical energy gven up by the fluid to the turbine shaft is 89 % (n =0.89). a) Draw a schematic diagram for the process b) Calculate the frictional loss in the turbine in J kg %3Darrow_forwardelectric power is to be generated by installing a hydraulic turbine-generator at a site 120 m below the free surface of a large water reservoir that can supply water at a rate of 2400 kg/s steadily. determine the power generation potential.arrow_forwardA pumped storage scheme comprises two reversible pump turbines which transfer water between an upper and lower reservoir with a head difference of 400m. During a typical daily cycle, electrical power of 120kW is supplied to the pumps which deliver 15 litres/s for 6 hours overnight to the upper reservoir. During the daylight hours, a flow of 10 litres/s is used to release the same quantity of water to generate electrical energy. If the efficiency during generation is 90%, how much energy is lost per day? d. A horizontal-axis wind turbine with rotor 80m in diameter is 40% efficient in 15m/s wind at 600m altitude and 30°C. Calculate the total amount of power the wind turbine would produce in those winds. TABLE 6.1 Density of Dry Air at a Pressure of 1 Atmosphere i. Temperature Temperature Density Density Ratio (°C) (°F) (kg/m³) (KT) iii. -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 : 30 35 40 5.0 14.0 23.0 32.0 41.0 50.0 59.0 68.0 77.0 $6.0 95.0 104.0 1.368 1.342 1.317 1.293 1.269 1.247 1.225 1.204 1.184 1.165…arrow_forward
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