Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780321949288
Author: Theodore E. Brown, James C. Hill
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2.8, Problem 2.13.1PE
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
If the acid
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
If the acid
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
If the acid
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
If the acid
(e)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
If the acid
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 2 Solutions
Study Guide for Chemistry: The Central Science
Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.1.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.1.2PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.2.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.2.2PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3.2PECh. 2.4 - Practice Exercise 1 The atomic weight of copper,...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2.4.2PECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2.5.1PECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2.5.2PE
Ch. 2.6 - 11.93 The vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 19...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6.2PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7.1PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7.2PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.8.1PECh. 2.7 - Consider the two-dimensional square lattice of...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.9.1PECh. 2.7 - Given the ionic radii and molar masses of Sc3+...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.10.1PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.10.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13.1PECh. 2.8 - The table below shows the normal boiling points of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14.2PECh. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.1PECh. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.2PECh. 2 - Prob. 1ECh. 2 - At 280C, raw milk sours in 4.0 h but takes 48 h to...Ch. 2 - At 900 o C, Kc = 0.0108 for the reaction CaCO3(g) ...Ch. 2 - Calculate the molar concentration of OH- in a...Ch. 2 - Pyridinium bromide (C5H5NHBr) is a strong...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2 - Prob. 8ECh. 2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false:...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11ECh. 2 - Prob. 12ECh. 2 - Prob. 13ECh. 2 - At 20 oC, the vapor pressure of benzene (C6 H6) is...Ch. 2 - Summarize the evidence used by J. J. Thomson to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16ECh. 2 - Prob. 17ECh. 2 - Prob. 18ECh. 2 - Suppose the rate law for the reaction in this...Ch. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 Using the data in Sample...Ch. 2 - Which of the following linear plots do you expect...Ch. 2 - A flask is charged with 0.100 mol of A and allowed...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23ECh. 2 - Prob. 24ECh. 2 - Prob. 25ECh. 2 - Prob. 26ECh. 2 - The addition of No accelerates the decomposition...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2 - Prob. 29ECh. 2 - The rates of many atmospheric reactions are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 31ECh. 2 - Prob. 32ECh. 2 - Prob. 33ECh. 2 - 15.23 The equilibrium constant for the...Ch. 2 - A mixture of 0.10 mol of NO, 0.050 mol of H2, and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 36ECh. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - Prob. 38ECh. 2 - Prob. 39ECh. 2 - Prob. 40ECh. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 Order the following three...Ch. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 What is the pH of a 0.28 M...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43ECh. 2 - Which of the following diagrams best represent an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45ECh. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - Prob. 47ECh. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - Prob. 49ECh. 2 - 16.72 Calculate the molar concentration of OH- in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51ECh. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - Prob. 54ECh. 2 - a. Given that Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 10-5 and...Ch. 2 - 16.78
a. Given that Kb for ammonia is 1.8 X 10 -5...Ch. 2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2 - Prob. 62ECh. 2 - 16.86 An unknown salt is either KBr, NH4 C1, KCN,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 64ECh. 2 - Prob. 65ECh. 2 - 16.89 Based on their compositions and structures...Ch. 2 - Prob. 67ECh. 2 - 16.91 Indicate whether each of the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 69ECh. 2 - Prob. 70ECh. 2 - Prob. 71ECh. 2 - Prob. 72ECh. 2 - Prob. 73ECh. 2 - Prob. 74ECh. 2 - Prob. 75ECh. 2 - Prob. 76ECh. 2 - Prob. 77ECh. 2 - Prob. 78ECh. 2 - Prob. 79ECh. 2 - Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) and aniline (C6H5NH2) are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 81ECh. 2 - Prob. 82ECh. 2 - Prob. 83ECh. 2 - Butyric acid is responsible for the foul smell of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85ECh. 2 - Prob. 86ECh. 2 - Prob. 87AECh. 2 - 1S.113 Many moderately large organic molecules...Ch. 2 - Prob. 89AECh. 2 - Prob. 90AECh. 2 - Prob. 91AECh. 2 - Prob. 92AECh. 2 - Prob. 93AECh. 2 - 16.120 At 50 oC, the ion-product constant for H2...Ch. 2 - Prob. 95AECh. 2 - Prob. 96AECh. 2 - Prob. 97AECh. 2 - Prob. 98AECh. 2 - Prob. 99AECh. 2 - Which two statements about gas mixtures are true?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 101AECh. 2 - 13.6 If you compare the solubilities of the noble...Ch. 2 - Prob. 103AECh. 2 - Prob. 104AECh. 2 - Suppose you had a balloon made of some highly...Ch. 2 - Prob. 106AECh. 2 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false:...Ch. 2 - Indicate the type of solute-solvent interaction...Ch. 2 - An ionic compound has a very negative H soln in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 110AECh. 2 - Prob. 111AECh. 2 - The solubility of Cr (NO3)3 . 9 H2O in water is...
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