Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134895727
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 8TYU
FOCUS ON EVOLUTION
In Figure 27.29, circle the smallest monophyletic group that includes dinosaurs. Explain your answer and list the taxa that are in this clade. Knowing that birds are endothermic and crocodiles are ectothermic, can you use phylogenetic bracketing (see Concept 20.3) to predict whether dinosaurs other than birds are ectothermic or endothermic? Explain.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Part 3: Reconstructing evolutionary history
Below is a phylogeny for six groups of placental mammals (Eutheria) from the Tree of Life website
(http://tolweb.org/tree/)
Artiodactyla (pigs, deer, cattle, goats)
Cetacea (whales, dolphins, porpoises)
Perissodactyla (horses, tapirs, rhinos)
Hyracoidea (hyraxes, dassies)
Sirenia (manatees, dugong, sea cows)
Proboscidea (elephants, mammoths)
Both the Cetacea and Sirenia are aquatic members of the Eutheria. All of their close relatives are
terrestrial. We generally assume that the common ancestor of these groups was terrestrial (T) and that
being aquatic (A) is a derived trait that evolved just twice (i.e. there were 2 independent changes from
T→A).
a) To the right of each taxon, write a T beside terrestrial taxa and an A beside aquatic taxa. I
b) Now let's assume that the most recent common ancestor of this group was aquatic (A). What is
the minimum number of changes (A→T and/or T→A) that could have resulted in the distribution
of traits we…
Your age-dating put the age of the rocks you are examining in the early Devonian period. Because of this, you suspect that the vertebrate remains you found might belong to some of the
earliest tetrapods (four-legged animals including land vertebrates) to walk the Earth. Examine the cladogram below. What is the sister group to the land vertebrates?
Lampreys
Sharks
Lungfish
Land vertebrates
Tetrapoda
Choanata
Fingers and toes
Osteichthyes
Choanae
Gnathostomata
Bony ribs and shoulder girdie
Vertobrata
Jaws
O Lampreys
Vertebrae
O Tetrapoda
O Amphibians
Lungfish
Ray-finned fish
Amphibians
Please answer all questions
Chapter 27 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27.2 - What is the Cambrian explosion? Why is it...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.3 - WHAT IF? Would it be accurate to describe the...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.4 - Describe two key adaptations of aquatic...Ch. 27.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The radiation of bilaterians in...
Ch. 27.5 - Describe two adaptations that have enabled insects...Ch. 27.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare and contrast how the...Ch. 27.6 - Describe three key amniote adaptations for life on...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.6 - WHAT IF? Which came first, the chicken or the egg?...Ch. 27.7 - Describe how ocean communities changed in the...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 27 - Fossil steroid and molecular clock evidence...Ch. 27 - Which of the following was probably the least...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In Figure 27.29, circle the...Ch. 27 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Early tetrapods had a...Ch. 27 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Collectively, do these...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach - Standalone book
Describe Mendels conclusions about how traits are passed from generation to generation.
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
To test your knowledge, discuss the following topics with a study partner or in writing ideally from memory. Th...
Human Anatomy
How does trandlation differ from transcription?
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
On what molecule does the anticodon appear? Explain the role of this molecule in protein synthesis.
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (7th Edition)
2. A gene is a segment of DNA that has the information to produce a functional product. The functional product ...
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain how a cladistic classification for the vertebrates produces important regroupings of the traditional vertebrate taxa (refer to Figure 23.2). Why are Agnatha and Reptilia, as traditionally recognized, inconsistent with cladistic principles?arrow_forwardWhat is some evidence from phylogenetictree of hollowed bones and tufted feathersarrow_forwardAnswer the questions below based on the phylogeny shown. Just write your answer under each question. Ray-finned fish Roderts & rabbts Crocodles Sharks Amphibians Primotes Birds Hair Eggs wth shell Amriotic egg Four limbs Bony skeleton Vertebrae a. Which is the outgroup in this phylogeny? b. What synapomorphy is used to identify mammals (primates and rabbits)? c. What synapomorphies separate rabbits/primates from crocodiles? d. What group or groups of organisms are most closely related to amphibians?arrow_forward
- The taxon Crocodilia includes crocodiles, Aves includes birds, and Squamata includes snakes and lizards. If we think of Crocodilia and Squamata as reptiles, what kind of phylogenetic group do they form? (paraphyletic, monophyletic, polyphyletic)arrow_forwardThe following four line drawings are reconstructions of invertebrate fossil. Using your knowledge of the extant invertebrate phyla, please indicate which phylum this species mostly likely belongs to. Support your conclusion by connecting the morphological characteristics of the fossil species with the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum.arrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic tree depicting our current understanding of the animal phylogeny. Include the major groups of animals at the tips of your tree: Deuterostomia, Protostomia, Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Porifera, and Cnidaria. Additionally, label the common ancestor of all animals, indicate which groups are considered invertebrates, and indicate where the vertebrates fit within the phylogeny. Write on your tree where the following characteristics arose as evolutionary innovations: multicellularity, true tissues, radial and bilateral symmetry, animals with 2 germ layers and animals with 3 germ layers.arrow_forward
- draw an evolutionarily accurate phylogenetic tree with the 5 lineages of Amniotes shown in the top figure, but with a different arrangement. You can exclude lungfishes and amphibians but include all other lineages. You can do this by swiveling the branches.arrow_forwardMake a table separating the animals based on the physical properties such as: I. Presence or absence of a backbone II. Ability to breathe in air or water III. Cold or warm blooded IV. Carnivore, herbivore, or omnivore V. Presence or absence of hair/fur VI. Any other external structure such as horns After that, construct a phylogenetic tree (example is on the picture I uploaded)arrow_forwardThrough the phylogenetic tree of major groups of vertebrates provided below, answer the given table by numbering and naming each node in the diagram. Then list the names of each group and write down the shared characteristic(s) of it. You may add more rows if needed. Node Number (e.g. 1 - Gnasthostomata) Animal Group 1 Animal Group 2 Shared Characteristics of Animal Group 1 & 2arrow_forward
- create a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different Phyla. Take note that some characters may be secondarily lost during the evolution of these different. there is a photo of example of cladogram belowarrow_forwardFigure 12.8 Which animals in this figure belong to a clade that includes animals with hair? Which evolved first: hair or the amniotic egg?arrow_forwardPick two organisms from the cladogram below and make a claim about the evolutionary relationship between these organisms. Support your claim using evidence from the lesson and scientific reasoning about evolutionary relationships. Ray-finned fish Rodents Sharks Amphibians Primates & rabbits Crocodiles Birds Hair Eggs with shell Amniotic egg Four limbs Bony skeleton Vertebrae Image Source a relationship betwwen a shark and bird is a bony skeleton amitotic egg and four limbsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Phylogeny and the Tree of Life; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLMn4XwS8Tw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY