Microbiology: An Introduction Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (13th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134688640
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 3R
In the sulfur cycle, microbes degrade organic sulfur compounds, such as (a) __, to release H2S, which can be oxidized by Thiobacillus to (b) __. This ion can be assimilated into amino acids by (c) __ or reduced by Desulfovibrio to (d) __. H2S is used by photoautotrophic bacteria as an electron donor to synthesize (e) __. The sulfur-containing by-product of this
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Why must nitrogen fixation occur in an anoxic (i.e., oxygen-free) environment?
a)Because H2 is an additional product of nitrogen fixation, and the combination of H2 and O2 would cause the cell to combust.
b)Oxygen poisons the dinitrogenase enzyme by entering the FeMo cluster
c)Oxygen competes as an electron acceptor in the ETC, so electrons cannot be passed to N2.
d)Oxygen "steals" electrons from the dinitrogenase reductase, producing free radicals.
Bacteroides is the predominant genus of
bacteria found in the human gut
microbiota. As anaerobic bacteria,
Bacteroides undergo fermentation in the
gut, converting otherwise nondigestible
carbohydrates into fermentation
products that are used by the host for
energy. Which of the following toxins
would be most likely to disrupt
carbohydrate metabolism in Bacteroides
species? *
a toxin that inhibits the function of ATP
synthase
a toxin that prevents the formation of
Krebs cycle products
a toxin that inhibits the function of an
enzyme during glycolysis
a toxin that breaks down the membrane
proteins of the electron transport chain
Inorganic Nitrate (N03-) contaminated the soil around their plant. Scientists developed mechanisms for removing Nitrite (N02-) from the soil, but have not found one for Nitrate (N03-). Is there any types of bacteria that could metabolize Nitrate (N03-) to give rise to Nitrite (N02-)?
Indicate ALL metabolic pathways that could be used
(aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, aerobic chemolithotrophy, and anaerobic chemolithotrophy) to carry out this reaction? Which of these reactions can oxidize or reduce inorganic materials
Chapter 27 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (13th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
Ch. 27 - The koala is a leaf-eating animal. What can you...Ch. 27 - Give one possible explanation of why Penicillium...Ch. 27 - In the sulfur cycle, microbes degrade organic...Ch. 27 - Why is the phosphorus cycle important?Ch. 27 - DRAW IT 5. Identify where the following processes...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6RCh. 27 - Outline the treatment process for drinking water.Ch. 27 - Prob. 8RCh. 27 - Bioremediation refers to the use of living...Ch. 27 - NAME IT 10. These nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes...
Ch. 27 - Activated sludge system a. the process takes place...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 27 - Nitrogen fixation a. the process takes place under...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 27 - The water used to prepare intravenous solutions in...Ch. 27 - CO2+H2SLightLightC6H12O6+S0 a. aerobic respiration...Ch. 27 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 27 - CO2+8H++8eCH4+2H2O a. aerobic respiration b....Ch. 27 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 27 - Coliforms are used as indicator organisms of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1ACh. 27 - Explain the effect of dumping untreated sewage...Ch. 27 - Flooding after two weeks of heavy rainfall in...Ch. 27 - The bioremediation process shown in the photograph...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
11. In the early 1800s, French naturalist Jean Baptiste Lamarck suggested that the best explanation for the rel...
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Some people compare DNA to a blueprint stored in the office of a construction company. Explain how this analogy...
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Single penny tossed 20 times and counting heads and tails: Probability (prediction): _______/20 heads ________/...
Laboratory Manual for Holes Human Anatomy & Physiology Fetal Pig Version
Why is it necessary to be in a pressurized cabin when flying at 30,000 feet?
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
What were the major microbiological interests of Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky? It can be said tha...
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Which of the following would be used to identify an unknown bacterial culture that came from a patient in the i...
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is false regarding the electron donors in prokaryotic metabolism? A) O The use of organic compounds as electron donors is known as chemo-organotrophy. B) OLithotrophy refers to the use of inorganic molecules as electron sources. C) O Photolysis of water provides electrons to phototrophic organisms such as cyanobacteria. D) O Electrons can be obtained from inorganic chemicals such as H2S. E) O Oxygen can serve as an electron donor.arrow_forwardThe photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? cell bio 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2Oarrow_forwardA chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. Describe a result of this organism’s metabolic pathways that could be beneficial to another organism (of any type) living in close proximityarrow_forward
- Regarding bacteria that utilize respiration as a way to catabolize a complex carbon (food) source, which of A-D is true? A) O require the use of an electron transport chain B) O are generally considered heterotrophs C) O do not necessarily have to use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor D) O do not fix carbon dioxide E) OA-D are all truearrow_forwardIron bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria, which all oxidize inorganic compounds through a series of chemical reactions, are best described as O 1) photoheterotrophs 2) chemoheterotrophs O 3) chemolithotrophs. O 4) photoautotrophs 5) chemoautotrophs.arrow_forwardThe photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2Oarrow_forward
- The first half of the Q cycle results in which of the following? Please make each of the following wrong answers correct: A) transfer of 4 protons to the intermembrane space B) 2 molecules of reduced cytochrome c C) Return of one UGH2 to the coenzyme Q poolarrow_forwardWhat is lithotrophy? A) O the breakdown of molecules using light energy B) O the oxidation of organic electron donors to CO, and H,O C) O the photolysis of H,S or H,O coupled to CO, fixation D) O the oxidation of inorganic electron donors such as Fe" using O, or anaerobic electronic acceptors E) O none of the abovearrow_forwardBeer is produced by yeast fermentation of grain to ethanol. Why must the process of beer production be anaerobic?arrow_forward
- Archae are the source of many enzymes used for biocatalysis in diverse industries such as food and feed, pharmaceuticals, detergent, and beverage industries. These enzymes have unique structural and functional properties that enable use under extreme conditions. Use: https://biolres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40659-018-0186-3 for supplemental info What are three classes of extremophiles and their unique growth characteristics? Based on these characteristics, where are they typically found? The functional properties are linked to protein structural characteristics that imparts unique functional properties. For alkaliphiles and thermophiles, what structural elements (or characteristics) within the enzyme structure create these unique properties? See Table 2. Briefly discuss how the unique properties of these enzymes may be beneficial to the design of bioseparation processes. To recover intracellular enzymes, the Archae need to be lysed. Based on their structures,…arrow_forwardChemolithotrophs meet their energy needs by oxidizing organic food molecules. True False Which of the following events does not occur during the energy-investment phase of glycolysis? Hexokinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate. Phosphofructokinase catalyzes the isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase cleaves Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two different three-carbon sugars. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate can be converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate with the help of the enzyme triose phosphate isomerase.arrow_forwardYeast are facultative anaerobic organisms that can make ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but are also capable of switching to fermentation under anaerobic conditions. For thousands of years, humans have used yeast, such as Saccharomyces cervesisiae, to ferment grapes (starch sugar) to make wine (alcoholic beverage). Four batches of wine were made following the contents and conditions listed in the table below, Contents and Conditions of Four Batches of Wine Yeast Solution Water Grape Solution Batch Added Container (L) (L) (L) Lid 1 40 0.0 8 оpen 2 40 0.2 8 closed 40 0.2 8. оpen 4 40 0.2 closed 9. The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) would produce the greatest amount of ATP is the batch of wine numbered 1 4 D. The highest alcohol (ethanol) content would be found in the batch of wine numbered 02 3arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemical Tests-Part 1; Author: Southern Stacker;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-i9vANfQWQ;License: Standard Youtube License