Chapter 27, Problem 1CT

Summary Introduction

Case summary:

In diabetes mellitus, the patients are enabling to produce enough insulin that causes increased blood glucose levels. If the blood glucose level rises high enough, then the kidney stops the reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate and excrete an excess of the glucose into the urine.

Adequate information:

The anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) helps in decreasing the urine volume. The posterior pituitary gland secretes it. Its secretion is stimulated by the osmoreceptor cells present in the plasma. They produce their response during an increased ion concentration of the blood.

To determine:

The effect produces by the glucose on urine concentration. Also, the way the body adjusts to the excess glucose in the urine is to be determined.

Given Information:

The excess quantity of glucose is excreted in the urine due to the increased level of blood glucose. The glucose level in the blood increase when the pancreas does not secrete a sufficient amount of insulin.