Universe
Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 27, Problem 1CC
To determine

The reason behind the fact that life-forms are likely to be based on carbon throughout the cosmos.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1CC

Solution:

Due to its ability to form covalent chemical bonds with a variety of elements, carbon can form large and very complex molecules necessary for the existence of life.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

One of the most important and versatile elements in all known life-forms is carbon. It is seemingly impossible for life to exist without this element. Its presence is a must in all known organic life because organic compounds are based on it.

Explanation:

Carbon has the special ability to combine with other elements to form long chains of interconnecting C-C bonds. Thus, carbon forms the backbone of organic compounds, on which the known organic life is based.

Carbon can form many groups of important biological compounds, such as carbohydrates, lignans, chitins, alcohols, lipids and fats, and carotenoids when it is combined with oxygen and hydrogen. It forms alkaloids on combining with nitrogen and amino acids on further addition of sulfur. Carbon is also the main constituent in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is also called the energy currency of the cell. In order for life to exist, these essential molecules containing carbon must be present.

Conclusion:

Carbon has the characteristic property to form bonds with other elements and with itself. This property allows it to form a variety of large, complex molecules termed as organic molecules. Organisms are made up of these molecules which carry out life processes.

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