Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 26.5, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 1.9 illustrates the transfer of energy and matter in ecosystems. Draw a simple diagram of energy flow and chemical cycling in a
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Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.
Interconnectedness of the Biosphere and Atmosphere
Question: Please propose an explanation for the correlation between the annual fluctuations of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and annual cycles
of phytoplankton biomass shown in the figures below. Describe the mechanisms that lead to the correlation you proposed.
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT Northern Hemisphere
SCIAMACHY
390
Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (3397 m), NOAA/ESRL
Mace Head, Ireland (25 m), NOAA/ESRL
380
SCIAMACHY
370
XCO, [ppm]
364
376
388
360
Michael.Buchwitz@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de
NOAA data: ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/flask/month/
350
1994
1996 1998
2000
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Year
Fig. 1: Annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean.
MMMM
Winter
Summer
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
В I
Integrated
CO, mixing ratio [ppm]
DI
If only one half of the flora in the world existed in 2110 (perhaps due to deforestation), what do you predict the atmospheric carbon level would be ? How would you change the simulation to reflect this?
What is the relationship between increased carbon in the ocean and increased carbon in the soil? How else might carbon be transferred to soil?
Using the data generated by the simulation, determine the mathematical relationship between the percentage increase in fossil fuel consumption and the increase in atmospheric carbon. Is the relationship linear?
Chapter 26 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 26.1 - Why do researchers identify charophytes rather...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.1 - WHAT IF? What would the human life cycle be like...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.2 - Describe the importance of mycorrhizae, both today...Ch. 26.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Figures 8 .3 and 8.5. If a...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Monilophytes and seed plants both...
Ch. 26.4 - What features not present in seedless plants have...Ch. 26.4 - Explain why Darwin called the origin of...Ch. 26.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Suppose the Bennettitales and...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 1.9 illustrates the...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 26 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 26 - Which of the following characteristics of plants...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 26 - DRAW IT Use the letters a-d to label where on the...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The grass...Ch. 26 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION The history of life has been...Ch. 26 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS Giant lycophyte trees of...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These stomata are from...
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