Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26.5, Problem 1MQ
Although technically not part of the immune system, nonpathogenic normal microbiota play a major role in preventing disease. Describe this role.
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Describe the role of non-specific macrophages in preventing infection
Which is true regarding the innate immune system?
A) O Opsonization is responsible for destroying virus-infected cells.
B) OPeyer's patches are part of your adaptive immune system that serves to help in antibody formation
C)O Your microbiota consists of billions of bacteria that are found in (and on) every part ofyour body
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D) O Your innate immune system is generally faster acting than your adaptive immune system.
E) O Microbial antagonism the mechanism by which pathogens are able to colonize your body
Innate lymphoid cells reside primarily in tissues such as the lungs, the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, and the skin, because these sites represent the major routes of entry of pathogens into the body.
Several different subsets of innate lymphoid cells exist, and each is specialized to respond to a category of pathogen (e.g., viruses, extracellular bacteria, helminthic parasites, etc).
a) True
b) False
Chapter 26 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 26.1 - What major class of immune cells mediates an...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 26.1 - Compare and contrast the major features of innate...Ch. 26.2 - Describe host tissue specificity for pathogens.Ch. 26.2 - Identify physical and chemical barriers to...Ch. 26.2 - What other factors may control the outcome of an...Ch. 26.2 - Identify at least four mechanisms by which a...Ch. 26.3 - Describe the circulation of a leukocyte from the...Ch. 26.3 - What soluble molecules determine whether a...Ch. 26.3 - Cells involved in innate and adaptive immunity...
Ch. 26.4 - How does the development of B, T, and NK cells...Ch. 26.4 - Distinguish between the primary lymphoid organs...Ch. 26.4 - Leukocytes are differentiated white blood cells...Ch. 26.5 - Although technically not part of the immune...Ch. 26.5 - Describe the mechanisms by which circulating...Ch. 26.5 - Pathogens may colonize host tissues when...Ch. 26.6 - Identify a PAMP shared by a group of...Ch. 26.6 - Outline the general features of a signal...Ch. 26.6 - Innate recognition of common pathogens occurs...Ch. 26.7 - Identify the mechanism used by phagocytes to...Ch. 26.7 - Describe several reasons why phagocytes are not...Ch. 26.7 - Phagocytosis is the engulfing of infectious...Ch. 26.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 26.8 - Identify the major symptoms of localized...Ch. 26.8 - Fever and inflammation, characterized by pain,...Ch. 26.9 - In what ways does the classical pathway of...Ch. 26.9 - What is opsonization, and how does opsonization...Ch. 26.9 - Why are the mannose-binding lectin and alternative...Ch. 26.9 - The complement system is composed of soluble...Ch. 26.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 26.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 26.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 26 - Prob. 1AQCh. 26 - Describe the potential problems that would arise...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3AQCh. 26 - Prob. 4AQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- Draw a figure illustrating the sequence of events in a typical inflammatory response to a bacterial infection caused by injury to the skin (in 3 main stages). Include a note at top of figure: Is this an example of an innate response or adaptive immune response? Include the following structures/cells/chemicals: epidermis, dermis, splinter contaminated with bacteria puncturing skin, macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, nitric oxide (as blue dots), endothelial cells lining capillary, red blood cells within capillary, histamine (as green dots). Under each stage, describe the events occurring in the 3 main stages: Stage 1: What do mast cells and endothelial cells produce in initial response to injury? What do the chemicals produced by the cells do? Stage 2: What happens to capillaries? What leaks out of capillaries to enter the site of the wound? Stage 3: What do neutrophils and macrophages do? What happens to capillaries at this point?arrow_forwardBased on what you know about the cells of the immune system, do you suspect this patient to have an infection, and if so, what is a probable cause? Choose the best answer and explain. a) Yes, a possible viral infection is indicated. b) Yes, a possible fungal infection is indicated. c) Yes, a possible bacterial infection is indicated. d) No, an infection is not indicated.arrow_forwardMatch each of the listed characters below to the innate or adaptive immune system. 1) Fully formed at birth 2) Includes barrier tissues and macrophages, among other defenses. 3) Recognizes molecular patterns that are shared across many pathogens. 4) Serves as the first line of defense. 5) Continues to develop with exposure to new pathogens. 6) Recognizes specific (unique) pathogen peptides. 7) Includes a 'memory' that leads to immunity by recognizing threats that have previously invaded the body. 8) Involves T cells, B cells, and antibodies. Here is the options: a) innate immune system. b) adaptive immune system.arrow_forward
- Helper T cells: A) produce antibodies B) can act as memory cells C) initiate both the cell mediated response and the humoral response D) all of the abovearrow_forwardThe correct order of words to describe how innate immune response responds to a pathogen that has gotten by the physical and chemical barriers is: À) Skin, Saliva, Cytokines, Macrophage B)Macrophage, Cytokines, Neutrophil, Natural Killer Cell C) Neutrophil, Cytokines, Killer T Cell, Antibodies D) Antigen, Macrophage, B Cell, Killer T Cellarrow_forwardPathogenic organisms cause damage to the host by a variety of mechanisms, depending on the category of the pathogen and its mode of replication in the host. Give an example of two different types of pathogens that are unlikely to be dealt with by the same mechanism of immune protection.arrow_forward
- a) As a scientist trying to cure allergies, you would be happy to discover a drug that destroys all mast cells. How can this medicine help prevent allergies? What negative side effects can this drug have?b) Compare the defense mechanisms that occur in response to bacterial and viral pneumonia.arrow_forwardWhich of the following cells in the diagram shown below phagocytizes antigen-antibody complexes and is effective against parasitic worms? Courtesy Michael Ross, University of Florida А В C D E a) A O b) B c) C d) D O el Earrow_forwardThe circulating cytokines that recruit large numbers of phagocytes to the area of inflammation, resulting in pus, are called: O1) pyogens O 2) pyrogens 3) interferons O 4) defensinsarrow_forward
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