Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 26.2, Problem 1.1CC
Explain why the T4 genome is circularly permuted.
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Shown is part of the coding strand of the HBB gene involved in sickle cell disease. What will be the effect on the resulting peptide of a deletion of the two nucleotides shown in bold/underline?
5' CTG ACT CCT GAG GAC 3'
a) A change from glutamic acid to valine will occur
b) The deletion will not result in a change to the polypeptide
c) A nonsense mutation will occur
d) The polypeptide will be missing one amino acid, but the reading frame will be preserved
Discuss the genetic switch that controls the lytic versus lysogenic path in bacteriophage lambda.
The bacteriophage genome consists primarily of genes encodingproteins that make up the head, collar and tail, and tail fibers When these genes are transcribed following phage infection, howare these proteins synthesized, since the phage genome lacksgenes essential to ribosome structure?
Chapter 26 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 26.1 - List some characteristics used in classifying...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1MICh. 26.2 - Why do you think T4 evolved to initiate DNA...Ch. 26.2 - What function does HMC glycosylation serve?Ch. 26.2 - Explain why the T4 genome is circularly permuted.Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1.2CCCh. 26.2 - How is a prophage induced to become active again?Ch. 26.2 - Describe the roles of cII, CIII, repressor (CI),...Ch. 26.2 - How do the temperate phages Mu and P1 differ from...
Ch. 26.2 - How is the envelope of this virus formed? How does...Ch. 26.2 - Why do cold sores recur throughout the lifetime of...Ch. 26.2 - In what part of the host cell does a herpesvirus...Ch. 26.2 - Many small DNA viruses rely on host enzymes for...Ch. 26.3 - Why is the X174 genome considered plus stranded?Ch. 26.3 - Why is it necessary for some ssDNA viruses to...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - How do parvoviruses trick the host DNA polymerase...Ch. 26.4 - The rotavirus genome encodes 12 proteins. Suggest...Ch. 26.4 - Describe the life cycle of 6 phage. What makes...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.4 - In what ways are the life cycles of 6 and...Ch. 26.5 - Where in the host does the plus-strand RNA genome...Ch. 26.5 - How do some plus-strand viruses use polyproteins...Ch. 26.5 - What is an IRES? Why is it important?Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.6 - How does that use of a segmented genome by...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 1MICh. 26.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.8 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.8 - Trace the HBV multiplication cycle, paying...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1RCCh. 26 - Prob. 2RCCh. 26 - Prob. 3RCCh. 26 - Prob. 4RCCh. 26 - No temperate RNA phages have yet been discovered....Ch. 26 - The choice between lysogeny and lysis is...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3ALCh. 26 - You are studying RNA viruses and have discovered a...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5ALCh. 26 - Prob. 6AL
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- The bacteriophage genome consists of many genes encoding proteins that make up the head, collar, tail, and tail fibers. When these genes are transcribed following phage infection, how are these proteins synthesized, since the phage genome lacks genes essential to ribosome structure?arrow_forwardInhibiting the reverse transcriptase of HIV is a common method for treating HIV infections. a) The HIV reverse transcriptase has two separate functional domains. One domain has polymerase activity. What type of activity do you think the other domain would have?arrow_forwardThe genome of SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded sense (coding) mRNA that is translated into many functional and structural proteins required for the replication and assembly of the virus, including the famous spike protein. Comparing the sequence to that of SARS-CoV-1 and a number of other beta-coronaviruses reveals that by far the most conserved sequence within the entire ~30,000 nucleotide mRNA genome is located in the 3'-UTR, near the end of the message. The difference between that sequence in the original isolates of SARS-CoV-2 is only 1 in 50 nucleotides. What is the most likely explanation for this high degree of sequence conservation? The mRNA in this region encodes for a protein with a required proteus site to make the mature viral coat protein that participates in membrane fusion, without which the virus cannot propagate. The mRNA in this region encodes for an essential protein whose fold cannot tolerate amino acid substitutions. The mRNA in this region is part of a required…arrow_forward
- Researchers have been determining the nucleotide sequences of variant forms of SARS-CoV-2, looking for versions of the virus that might be more easily transmitted between humans or that might be more deadly. (a) For example, one mutation in a viral gene changed a GAU codon to a GGU codon. How does this change affect the sequence of the polypeptide encoded by that gene? (b) In another variant form of the virus, a gene is missing six consecutive nucleotides. How would this change affect the sequence of the polypeptide encoded by that gene? (c) In another coronavirus variant, the spike protein (the prominent protein on the surface of the virus) contains a histidine residue where an aspartate (aspartic acid) residue should be. Describe a point mutation in the coronavirus genome that could have caused this change in the spike protein.arrow_forwardIf the following nucleotide sequence represents the active domain of the COVID19’s M-protein 5’ ---- 5’ GGGUACAUGGUAGCCCCCGUCGAGAAAACACCC …. 3’ a) describe a potential mutation that may occur and the mechanism that could fix it b) if the repair mechanism is faulty, explain the consequences for COVID19 & that of the infected individualarrow_forwardDetermine the map distances between the genes.arrow_forward
- Give 4 examples of transcription factors / non-structural proteins you have learned in this course? Identify the most commonly used technique for diagnosing COVID-19? And the clinical sample for each technique. …….…… virus can cause encephalitis, cancer, sexually transmitted disease, infect external genitalia, mucosal surfaces, gladiatorum, and/or other diseases. How can the infection with this virus be avoided? Suggest two ways of prevention or to destroy the virus.arrow_forwardwhen various strains of lambda phage are seeded on a lawn of e.coli, they can form clear or turbid plaques. Explain the difference between the two types of plaques. can all bacteriophage form clear and turbid plaques?arrow_forwardPredict whether loss of the following E. coli genes would be lethal or not: (a) dnaB (which encodes DnaB), (b) polA (which encodes Pol I), (c) ssb, (d) recA.arrow_forward
- The RNA transcript of a region of T4 phage DNA contains the sequence 5’-AAAUGAGGA-3'. This sequence encodes three different polypeptides. What are they?arrow_forwardSome explanation for this image.arrow_forwarddiscuss the genetics an biology of the lytic pathway of bacteriophage lambda.arrow_forward
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