The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule. Introduction: DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

Imagine you are a botanist. Below are characteristics of a never-before described plant species recently identified as part of the ‘All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory’ (ATBI). Field Notes: Specimen collected from shaded area along stream in South Cumberland State Park (Grundy County, TN). Laboratory Analysis: Body: Large leaves emerging from underground rhizome. Size: 63 cm Chromosomal Analysis: Plant body is diploid—chromosome number of 44. Lignin test: Positive Cuticle: Present Leaves: Present—large with branched veins. Underside has sori (containing haploid spores). Roots: Present—branch from the inside. Stem: Present—vascular tissue (xylem & phloem) present. Life History: Diploid sporophyte dominant generation. Haploid spores germinate into heart-shaped, haploid, gametophyte. Water required for fertilization; no seed is produced. Diploid zygote develops into sporophyte. Explain which domain, kingdom and phylum you believe this plant should be classified…

CUÁ Glycine A C C Newly formed molecule Glycine Arginine Proline Alanine A C C CC G GGAUUGGUGGGGC Structure X I mRNA

Adaptations to a Changing Environment Why is it necessary for organisms to have the ability to adapt? Why is the current environment making it difficult for organisms like the monarch butterfly to adapt? Explain how organisms develop adaptations.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Answer 6

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.

Conclusion

DNA is made up of small units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

Answer 7

Chapter 26, Problem S25.1BYB

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The structural characteristics of a DNA molecule.

Introduction:

DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Friedrich Miescher in 1869. It was not until 1953 that James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin figured out the structure of DNA is a double helix, which they realized could carry biological information. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Nucleic acids are polymers of similar subunits known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of three different molecules, a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base. The basic building block of DNA and RNA is the nucleotide.

DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains wound around each other. They are wound around each other in such a way that they resemble a twisted ladder which is referred to as the double helix. The backbone of each of these strands is a repeating pattern of a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. Each sugar is attached to one of the four nitrogen-containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, or Cytosine.

The sugar present in the nucleotide is deoxyribose, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the double helix DNA structure, all four bases are confined to the inside of the double helix, held in place by hydrogen bonds linking complimentary bases on the two strands. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is present on the outside of the double helix.

Adenine and thymine are paired by two hydrogen bonds, whereas cytosine and guanine are paired by three hydrogen bonds. The bases are stacked up as a ladder and the hydrophobic bonding between the bases gives the DNA molecule stability.