HUMAN ANAT.+PHYSIO.(LL)-W/MASTER.+LAB
HUMAN ANAT.+PHYSIO.(LL)-W/MASTER.+LAB
19th Edition
ISBN: 9780135193952
Author: Marieb
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 5CCS
Summary Introduction

Case summary:

MrHeyden, a 72-year-old, has abdominopelvic trauma. His left side of the body was pinned beneath the tractor due to an accident at his farm. His lower quadrant appears to be compressed. He was taken to the hospital and the paramedical experts measured his blood pressure and heart rate for the further treatment. Mr Heyden suffered from the pain on the left side of his body.

Characters in the case:

Mr Heyden and the paramedical expert.

Adequate information:

His blood was reported at 90/50 mm Hg (millimetres of mercury) and his heart rate was 116 beats per minute. His blood pressure was continuously falling and the blood volumes of his body were also decreasing. He also loses consciousness. His blood pH (potential of hydrogen) was 7.33, the carbon dioxide pressure was 34 mm Hg (millimetres of mercury), and the concentration of bicarbonate ions in his body was found 20 mEq/L (milliequivalents of solute per litre).

To determine: The explanation for the pH, carbon dioxide pressure, and the concentration of the bicarbonate ions, which were found to be 7.33, 34 mm Hg, and 20mEq/L, respectively.

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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin
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