Anatomy & Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321861580
Author: Marieb, Elaine N.
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Chapter 26, Problem 22RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The hormonal and physical factors responsible for shedding of stratum functionalis from the endometrium.
Introduction:
The figure below shows the changes that occur in the ovary:
The above figure shows the structural changes of the ovary and the uterus, and their correlation with anterior pituitary and ovarian hormones from day 1 to 28. It shows plasma hormone level and three phases of the menstrual cycle. The menstrual phase is one of the three phases of the uterine cycle. The stratum functionalis is a thick superficial layer that is shed off (degenerate) during menstruation and proliferate during each cycle.
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In menstruation, the functional layer is shed from the endometrium. Explain the hormonal and physical factors responsible for this shedding. (See Figure 25.19.)
In menstruation, the stratum functionalis is shed from the endometrium. Explain the hormonal and physical factors responsible for this shedding.
Give reason for the following :(a) The first half of the menstrual cycle is called follicular phase as well as proliferative phase.(b) The second half of the menstrual cycle is called luteal phase as well as secretory phase.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 26 - What are the two major functions of the testes?Ch. 26 - Which of the tubular structures shown in Figure...Ch. 26 - Muscle activity and the pampiniform venous plexus...Ch. 26 - What is the function of the erectile tissue of the...Ch. 26 - Name the organs of the male duct system in order,...Ch. 26 - What are two functions of the stereocilia on the...Ch. 26 - Which accessory organ of the male duct system runs...Ch. 26 - Adolph, a 68-year-old gentleman, has trouble...Ch. 26 - Prob. 9CYUCh. 26 - What is semen?
Ch. 26 - What is erection and which division of the ANS...Ch. 26 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 26 - What is the final outcome of meiosis?Ch. 26 - Describe the major structural and functional...Ch. 26 - Prob. 15CYUCh. 26 - What is the HPG axis?Ch. 26 - Prob. 17CYUCh. 26 - What are three secondary sex characteristics...Ch. 26 - Briefly, what are the internal genitalia of a...Ch. 26 - What two roles do the ovaries assume?Ch. 26 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 26 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 26 - Oocytes are ovulated into the peritoneal cavity...Ch. 26 - What portion of the female duct system is the...Ch. 26 - What is the female homologue of the bulbo-urethral...Ch. 26 - Cite similarities and differences between the...Ch. 26 - Developmentally, mammary glands are modifications...Ch. 26 - From what cell types does breast cancer usually...Ch. 26 - How do the haploid cells arising from oogenesis...Ch. 26 - How do identical twins differ developmentally from...Ch. 26 - What occurs in the luteal phase of the ovarian...Ch. 26 - Which hormone plays an important role in letting...Ch. 26 - Which hormone(s) prompt follicle growth? Which...Ch. 26 - Which gonadal hormone exerts positive feedback on...Ch. 26 - Which gonadal hormone causes the secondary sex...Ch. 26 - Prob. 36CYUCh. 26 - Which pathogen is most associated with cervical...Ch. 26 - What is the most common bacterial STI in the...Ch. 26 - The structures that draw an ovulated oocyte into...Ch. 26 - The usual site of embryo implantation is (a) the...Ch. 26 - The male homologue of the female clitoris is (a)...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is correct relative to...Ch. 26 - Secondary sex characteristics are (a) present in...Ch. 26 - Which of the following produces the male sex...Ch. 26 - Which will occur as a result of nondescent of the...Ch. 26 - The normal diploid number of human chromosomes is...Ch. 26 - Relative to differences between mitosis and...Ch. 26 - Match the key choices with the descriptive phrases...Ch. 26 - The menstrual cycle can be divided into three...Ch. 26 - Spermatozoa are to seminiferous tubules as oocytes...Ch. 26 - Which of the following does not add a secretion...Ch. 26 - The corpus luteum is formed at the site of (a)...Ch. 26 - The sex of a child is determined by (a) the sex...Ch. 26 - FSH is to estrogens as estrogens are to (a)...Ch. 26 - Prob. 17RQCh. 26 - Describe the major structural (and functional)...Ch. 26 - Oogenesis in the female results in one functional...Ch. 26 - Define menarche. What does it indicate?Ch. 26 - Trace the pathway of a sperm from the male testes...Ch. 26 - Prob. 22RQCh. 26 - Both the epithelium of the vagina and the cervical...Ch. 26 - Some anatomy students were saying that the...Ch. 26 - A man swam in a cold lake for an hour and then...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 26 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 26 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 26 - Prob. 4CCS
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- Distinguish between: a. seminiferous tubule and vas deferens b. sperm and semen c. Leydig cells and Sertoli cells d. primary oocyte and secondary oocyte e. follicle and corpus luteum f. the three phases of the menstrual cyclearrow_forwardFigure 43.17 Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false? Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak. Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop. Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after.arrow_forwardOutline the roles of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the ovarian cycle of a human female.arrow_forward
- Ovulation releases _________. a. the corpus luteum b. a primordial follicle c. a primary oocyte d. a secondary oocyte and first polar bodyarrow_forwardFigure 43.15 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.arrow_forwardIn the fertility awareness method of birth control, a woman gauges her monthly fertile period by monitoring changes in the consistency of her vaginal mucus. What kind of information does such a method provide about the likelihood of getting pregnant?arrow_forward
- Describe the events in the ovarian cycle leading up to ovulation.arrow_forwardWhich is the correct order for one turn of the menstrual cycle? a. corpus luteum forms, ovulation, follicle forms b. follicle grows, ovulation, corpus luteum formsarrow_forwardUnderstanding the causes of infertility can be valuablein developing new birth control methods. Cite a type ofcontraceptive based on each of the following causes ofinfertility:(a) failure to ovulate due to a hormonal imbalance;(b) a large fibroid tumor that disturbs the uterine lining;(c) endometrial tissue blocking uterine tubes;(d) low sperm count (too few sperm per ejaculate).arrow_forward
- After the menstruation ceases, what are the histological characteristics of the endometrium? Explain in long explanationarrow_forwardDefine menstruationarrow_forwardUnlike male gonadotropins, female gonadotropins are able to promote the development of a single optimal dominant follicle during most cycles with the release of a single gamete from an LH surge and then optimization of the uterine environment for implantation. To understand pathologies in this complex system, one must understand the ideal steps within the normal menstrual cycle. Which of the following statements best describes the role of FSH in menstruation? O FSH induces granulosa cell LH receptors within the dominant follicle. O FSH stimulates follicular growth only in the early preantral stage. ( ) FSH stimulates granulosa cell androgen production. O FSH increases its own receptor numbers on theca cells. O FSH induces theca cell aromatase.arrow_forward
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