From the cyclic structure of allose given, whether it is i) a furanose or pyranose form ii) Î±- or Î²- anomer iii) D or L sugar are to be stated. Concept introduction: The pyranose form is a cyclic hemiacetal form with a six membered ring formed by the nucleophilic addition of the â€“OH group on C 5 to the C 1 carbonyl group. The furanose form is a cyclic hemiacetal form with a five membered ring formed by the nucleophilic addition of the â€“OH group on C 5 to the C 2 carbonyl group. The orientation of â€“OH group differs in Î±- and Î²- anomers. In Î±- anomer the OH on C 1 is cis to the â€“OH at the lowest chirality center in Fischer projection, while in Î²- anomer the â€“OH on C 1 is trans to the â€“OH at the lowest chirality center in Fischer projection. D sugars have the â€“O- at C 5 on the right in the uncoiled form while L sugars have -O- at C 5 on the left. To state: From the cyclic structure of allose given, whether it is i) a furanose or pyranose form ii) Î±- or Î²- anomer iii) D or L sugar.

Question

The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 25.SE, Problem 44AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the cyclic structure of allose given, whether it is i) a furanose or pyranose form ii) Î±- or Î²- anomer iii) D or L sugar are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The pyranose form is a cyclic hemiacetal form with a six membered ring formed by the nucleophilic addition of the â€“OH group on C₅ to the C₁ carbonyl group. The furanose form is a cyclic hemiacetal form with a five membered ring formed by the nucleophilic addition of the â€“OH group on C₅ to the C₂ carbonyl group.

The orientation of â€“OH group differs in Î±- and Î²- anomers. In Î±- anomer the OH on C₁ is cis to the â€“OH at the lowest chirality center in Fischer projection, while in Î²- anomer the â€“OH on C₁ is trans to the â€“OH at the lowest chirality center in Fischer projection.

D sugars have the â€“O- at C₅ on the right in the uncoiled form while L sugars have -O- at C₅ on the left.

To state:

From the cyclic structure of allose given, whether it is i) a furanose or pyranose form ii) Î±- or Î²- anomer iii) D or L sugar.

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