a) Interpretation: The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated. Concept introduction: In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page. For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned. In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left. To assign: The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Question

Learning Goal: This question reviews the format for writing an element's written symbol. Recall that written symbols have a particular format. Written symbols use a form like this: 35 Cl 17 In this form the mass number, 35, is a stacked superscript. The atomic number, 17, is a stacked subscript. "CI" is the chemical symbol for the element chlorine. A general way to show this form is: It is also correct to write symbols by leaving off the atomic number, as in the following form: atomic number mass number Symbol 35 Cl or mass number Symbol This is because if you write the element symbol, such as Cl, you know the atomic number is 17 from that symbol. Remember that the atomic number, or number of protons in the nucleus, is what defines the element. Thus, if 17 protons are in the nucleus, the element can only be chlorine. Sometimes you will only see 35 C1, where the atomic number is not written. Watch this video to review the format for written symbols. In the following table each column…

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Learning Goal: This question reviews the format for writing an element's written symbol. Recall that written symbols have a particular format. Written symbols use a form like this: 35 Cl 17 In this form the mass number, 35, is a stacked superscript. The atomic number, 17, is a stacked subscript. "CI" is the chemical symbol for the element chlorine. A general way to show this form is: It is also correct to write symbols by leaving off the atomic number, as in the following form: atomic number mass number Symbol 35 Cl or mass number Symbol This is because if you write the element symbol, such as Cl, you know the atomic number is 17 from that symbol. Remember that the atomic number, or number of protons in the nucleus, is what defines the element. Thus, if 17 protons are in the nucleus, the element can only be chlorine. Sometimes you will only see 35 C1, where the atomic number is not written. Watch this video to review the format for written symbols. In the following table each column…

need help please and thanks dont understand only need help with C-F Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal…

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Answer 5

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 6

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 7

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 12

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Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 4P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D or L sugar.

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Chapter 25 Solutions