BROOKER BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781307656152
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG/CREATE
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 9TY
The concept that the preferred hypothesis is the one that is the simplest is
- a. phylogeny.
- b. cladistics.
- c. the principle of parsimony.
- d. maximum likelihood.
- e. both b and d.
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Which of the following assumptions is not part ofcladistics?a. A lineage’s characters change over time.b. All species share common ancestry.c. Each lineage branches from another lineage.d. Similar body parts are evidence of a recentdivergence
When evaluating multiple cladograms, what is the name of the principle used to decide which cladogram most likely shows the correct evolutionary relationships?
Group of answer choices
a. principle of parsimony
b. principle of persimmons
c. principle of parsley
d. principle of paisley
e. principle of Penelope
f. principle of pineapple
Characteristics that are used to establish species include
a. morphological traits.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. molecular features.
d. ecological factors.
e. evolutionary relationships.
f. all of the above.
Chapter 25 Solutions
BROOKER BIOLOGY
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25.2 - Can two different species have more than one...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - What shared derived character is common to the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYCh. 25 - Which of the following is the correct order of the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYCh. 25 - Which of the following characteristics is (are)...Ch. 25 - Which of the following occur at branch points, or...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6TYCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYCh. 25 - A goal of modern taxonomy is to a. classify all...Ch. 25 - The concept that the preferred hypothesis is the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10TYCh. 25 - Prob. 1CQCh. 25 - What is a molecular clock? How is it useful in the...Ch. 25 - Core Concept: Evolution What are some advantages...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1COQCh. 25 - Prob. 2COQ
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- People studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts? a. The Morphospecies Concept b. The Biological Species Concept c. The Phylogenetic Species Concept d. The Physical Species Conceptarrow_forwardA good “phylogenetic” species is one that is A. The smallest diagnosable cluster of organisms within which there is a pattern of ancestry and descent B. The most inclusive population of individuals having the potential for phenotypic cohesion through intrinsic cohesion mechanisms. C. Morphologically distinctive from other groups of organisms D. An actually or potentially interbreeding group that is reproductively isolated from other such groups.arrow_forwardWhat problems does horizontal gene transfer cause for evolutionary biologists? a. It can make the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees difficult because it can obscure phylogenetic relationships. b. It can cause physiological problems in some organisms, making it hard to study them. c. It can make breeding between different individuals of the same species difficult. d. Because it is the transfer of genes between the same species, it can make individuals look more similar than they actually are. e. All of the above.arrow_forward
- Cladistic methods: a. have distinct criteria for recognizing genera versus species. b. rely equally on all traits that can be measured or observed. c. cannot be used below the level of the species (e.g., to identify races). d. classify organisms based on shared ancestry e. all of the above are correctarrow_forwardThe branch of systematic biology that assigns organisms to specificclassifications (domain, phyla, class, etc.) is calleda. phylogenetics.b. taxonomy.c. systematics.d. cladistics.arrow_forwardDerived characters are traits: A. that are more complicated than ancestral characters B. that characterize the last common ancestor of a particular collection of species. C. that have evolved after the last common ancestor of a particulan collection of species. D. that are less well suited to the environment than ancestral characters.arrow_forward
- Which of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.arrow_forwardPhylogenetic trees are based on a. natural selection. b. genetic drift. c. homology. d. none of the above.arrow_forwardWhat consequences does horizontal gene transfer pose for evolutionary biologists? a. It can pose difficulty in the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees, because it can obscure phylogenetic relationships. b. It can pose physiological problems in some organisms, making it very hard to study them. c. It can pose difficulty in breeding between different individuals of the same species. d. Because it is transfer of genes between the same species, it can make individuals look very more similar than they actually are. e. All of the above.arrow_forward
- A taxonomic group that contains species that have similar phenotypes due to convergent evolution is a. paraphyletic. b. monophyletic. c. polyphyletic. d. a good cladistic group.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statement about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false? a.The new species may have traits that allow it to inhibit environments different from both parental species. b.The new species is always an intermediate of the two parental species c.The new species may have greater genetic diversity and greater trait diversity than the parental species. d.None of the above What are the two ways of looking into evolution in detail? a.Micro frequency change and ascent with modification b.Genotypic and phenotypic modification c.DNA frequency change and inheritance modification d.Allele frequency change and descent with modification Natural selection increases the frequencies of advantageous alleles and decreases deleterious alleles' frequencies. What are the three categories of natural selection depending on the favored traits? a.Directive, selective and native b.Indicative, normative and fixative c.Directional, stabilizing and…arrow_forwardThe definition of "lineage" is: Select one or more: a. the same as the Tree of Life b. a population of organisms captured at one specific time c. a series of ancestor and descendant lineages over time d. a character that has evolved over timearrow_forward
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