Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 5TYU
Which of the following steps has not yet been accomplished by scientists studying the origin of life?
- (A) synthesis of small RNA
polymers by ribozymes - (B) formation of molecular aggregates with selectively permeable membranes
(C) formation of protocells that use DNA to direct the
(D) abiotic synthesis of organic molecules
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following characters evolved last (i.e., most recently)?
A) Heredity
B) Photosynthesis
C) Multicellularity
D) Eukaryotic cells
E) Prokaryotic cells
A) single-cell organisms, Cyanobacteria
B) mammal formed, fish, reptiles
C) Cyanobacteria, single cell organisms
D) multi-cellular, fish, amphibians
When energy is transferred from one organism to another, some energy is lost to the environment due primarily to ____ ?
A.)reproduction
B.)growth
C.)the release of heat
D.)the transmission of DNA
Chapter 25 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 25.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 25.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 25.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In changing from an "RNA world"...Ch. 25.2 - Describe an example from the fossil record that...Ch. 25.2 - WHAT IF? Your measurements indicate that a...Ch. 25.3 - The first appearance of free oxygen in the...Ch. 25.3 - What evidence supports the hypothesis that...Ch. 25.3 - WHAT IF? What would a fossil record of life today...Ch. 25.4 - Explain the consequences of plate tectonics for...Ch. 25.4 - What factors promote adaptive radiations?
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.5 - Explain how new body forms can originate by...Ch. 25.5 - Why is it likely that Hox genes have played a...Ch. 25.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Given that changes in morphology...Ch. 25.6 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25 - Describe the roles that montmorillonite clay and...Ch. 25 - What are the challenges of estimating the ages of...Ch. 25 - What is the "Cambrian explosion," and why is it...Ch. 25 - Explain how the broad evolutionary changes seen in...Ch. 25 - How could changes in a Single gene or DNA region...Ch. 25 - Explain the reasoning behind the Statement...Ch. 25 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. Fossilized...Ch. 25 - The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 25 - Which of the following steps has not yet been...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 25 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe how gene flow,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 25 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION You have seen...Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Why was the development of enzymes fundamental to the evolution of life? a) without enzymes, the activation energy for essential reactions was too low b) enzymes allowed for high rate of catalysis at relatively low temperatures c) enzymes reduced the cellular demand for ATP d) enzymes allowed for reactions to occur spontaneouslyarrow_forwardHow did the discovery of ribozymes affect our understanding of the origin of life and the RNA world? A) The discovery of ribozymes demonstrated that enzymes did not have to be proteins, and that RNA can store, transmit, and do biological work as an enzymatic molecule. B) The discovery of ribozymes helped us understand why RNA only stores and transmits biological data, but does not act as an enzymatic molecule. C) The discovery of ribozymes verified that enzymes had to be proteins. This discovery helped to eliminate other theories about the origin of life in RNA world. D) The discovery of ribozymes demonstrated definitively that ribozymes function only as an enzymatic molecule and therefore evolved before information carrier molecules.arrow_forward1) Name and give a brief account of the theory that explains the evolution of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic cells. 2) Explain the reactions that occur to form polysaccharides, using starch as an example. 3) What do enzymes do? What are their main structural features? Give an example of a biological enzyme. 4) Describe the structure of fats and lipids. Why are some solid at room temperature whereas others, particularly from plants, are liquid? Briefly describe the structure of an animal cell. What are the main differences between animal and plant cells? Briefly outline the steps involved in the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cellsarrow_forward
- According to the endosymbiont theory: a) modern plant cells are able to carry out photosynthesis because their ancestors engulfed cyanobacteria. b) chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic cells. c) ancestral eukaryotic cells acquired the ability to carry out aerobic respiration as a result of engulfing aerobic bacteria. d) a and c e) a, b and carrow_forwardi need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- The evolution of the highly complex eukaryotic cell was possible because.. A) Mesosomes released enzymes in to the nucleus B) Two types of prokaryotic bacteria became endo symbiotic invaders of the complex cells C) The DNA of the eukaryote cell functions within the nucleoid area D) Chloroplasts were able to use 02 to conduct photosynthesis E) the space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane contained mitochondria Explain whyarrow_forwardThe extra energy required for the evolution of the highly complex eukaryotic cell was possible because: a) mesosomes released enzymes into the nucleus b) two types of prokaryotic bacteria became endo symbiotic invaders of the complex cells c) the DNA of the eukaryote cell functions within the nucleoid area d) chloroplasts were able to use O2 to conduct photosynthesis e) the space between the two layers of the nuclear membrane contained mitochondriaarrow_forwardListed are the following characteristics or functions exhibited by organisms. For each organism in the first column of the following table, check the columns that correspond to that organisms characteristics a.)Autotrophic b.)Performs photosynthesis c.)Usually motile d.)Cell division requiring cell plate formation e.)Shows alternation of generations f.)Performs cellular respiration g.)Has mitochondria h.)Reproduces sexually and asexually i.)Can adapt and acquire immunity to pathogens j.)Heterotrophic k.)Has a structure called a brain l.)Can perform mitosis m.)Eukaryotic n.)Prokaryotic o.)Has genetic materials or DNAarrow_forward
- Peptidoglycan is a chemical compound found in the cell walls of (a) most viroids (b) most archaea (c) all prokaryotes (d) most bacteria (e) most eukaryaarrow_forwardExplain why the answer is correct. For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins. c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins. d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes. e) all of these are truearrow_forwardThe hypercycle model explains which of the following? A) How the evolutionary transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells through acquisiton of membrane bound organelles. B) How viruses first originated alongside cellular life through a hyper replicating RNA lineage. C) How individual replicating molecules like RNA, DNA, and proteins entered a molecular mutualism and became encapsulated forming protocells. D) How cycles of heat and electricity experimentally lead to the formation of amino acids in the lab.arrow_forward
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