Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason why E. coli is both beneficial and harmful.
Introduction:
Microorganisms that have the ability to cause infectious diseases are called as pathogens. Illness in an individual is caused either by disturbing the normal metabolic activity of the host or by inducing the host’s immune system to produce a response. Approximately 1014 microbes are known to inhabit in the gut of a healthy human being. These normal gut microflora play an essential role in the
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Why does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach?
1)The microbes secrete a toxin that prevents the host from detecting invasion of the microbe and thus allows it to thrive in the stomach and damage the host cells.
2)After invasion of the microbe in the cells lining the stomach, they are no longer able to produce mucous to protect the host cells from acid erosion
3)The microbe produces an enzyme that causes the cell to produce potent digestive enzymes that erode the stomach lining.
4)Once the microbe has entered the stomach, it releases digestive enzymes that degrade the mucous secreting cells.
Which of the following bacterial species is considered normal flora of the mouth?
O 1) Streptococcus mutans
2) Escherichia coli
3) Klebsiella pneumoniae
4) Staphylococcus epidermidis
While it is true that not all coliforms are pathogenic under normal conditions, please name two situations that can occur due to infection by pathogenic strains.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 25 - Complete the following table:Ch. 25 - Complete the following table:Ch. 25 - DRAW IT Identify the site colonized by the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4RCh. 25 - Prob. 5RCh. 25 - Explain how the following diseases differ and how...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7RCh. 25 - Complete the following table:Ch. 25 - Look at life cycle diagrams for human tapeworm and...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 25 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 25 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 25 - Gastric ulcers are caused by a. stomach acid. b....Ch. 25 - Microscopic examination of a patients fecal...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 25 - Identification is based on the observation of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 25 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 25 - This microbe is frequently transmitted to humans...Ch. 25 - Why is a human infection of trichinella considered...Ch. 25 - Complete the following table:Ch. 25 - Match the foods in column A with the microorganism...Ch. 25 - Which diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1CAECh. 25 - Prob. 2CAECh. 25 - Prob. 3CAECh. 25 - Three to 5 days after eating Thanksgiving dinner...
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- If there is a causal relationship between the presence of H. pylori and ulcers, how might you explain that 50% of the patients with a normal endoscopic examination were infected with the bacteria?arrow_forwardPropionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be part of the normal microbiome and beneficial but also be pathogenic?arrow_forwardWhile it is true that not all coliforms are pathogenic under normal conditions, please name two situations that can occur due to infection by coliforms under abnormal conditions (when they are present where they are not supposed to be or when their numbers exceed acceptable levels)arrow_forward
- All of the following pertain to listeriosis, except 1) intrauterine infection usually results in fetal death. 2) enterotoxin of the organism causes symptoms. 3) it causes a serious septicemia and meningitis in the elderly, immunocompromised, and infants. U 4) it causes symptoms of fever, diarrhea, and sore throat. 5) adequate pasteurization and thorough cooking of food can improve prevention.arrow_forwardThree to five days after eating Thanksgiving dinner at a restaurant, 112 people developed fever and gastroenteritis. The dinner consisted of Roast Turkey, turkey giblet soup, mashed potatoes and crushed giblet gravy. The gravy was not refrigerated and was served the entire Thanksgiving day. The analysis of leftover food showed the same bacteria as was isolated from patients. a) What was the source of illness? b) What was the most likely microbe causing this illness? c) Was this an infection or an intoxication?arrow_forwardThe general public takes for granted the link between an infectious agent and a given infection Discuss the requirements established by Koch, the nineteenth-century German scientist, before ascertaining, for instance, that Helicobacter pylori bacterium is the cause of the gastric ulcer. Why is it so essential to meet these conditions?arrow_forward
- Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be normal and beneficial but also be pathogenic?arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the virulence factors and signs and symptoms of infections with the four main E. coli groups.arrow_forwardWhat are the common pathogens isolated from stool samples? What is the difference between a coliform bacterium and a noncoliform enteric bacterium? What diagnostic test differentiates Proteus and Providencia species from other Enterobacteriaceae? How would you differentiate between serotypes of E. coli? Are the gram-negative enteric bacilli fastidious organisms? Would they survive well outside of the body? If so, what significance would this have in their transmission? Why is serotyping particularly important in Salmonella infections and typhoid fever?arrow_forward
- Campylobacter is an extracellular intestinal species that is a true pathogen. Which of the following specifically occur during the establishment and outgrowth stage (step 3) of the bacterial pathogenic process for this species? Tissue destruction to increase nutrient concentrations Production of exotoxins to decrease normal flora populationsarrow_forwardA child consumed watermelon in a restaurant and was thereafter infected with Esc. coli O157:H7. Investigations revealed that the knife used to slice the melon was also used to cut raw beef (and then washed). What could have been done to prevent the situation?arrow_forwardBacteria: alcaligenes faecalis bacillus megatorium bacillus subtilis citrobacter freundii corynebacterium xerosis edwardsiella tarda enterobacter aerogenes enterobacter cloacae klebsiella pneumoniae kocuria rosea lactobacillus casei morganello morganii proteus mirabilis proteus hauseri providencia rettgeri providencia stuartii psuedomonas fluorescens salmonella enteriditis question: organize the above bacteria into the correct types of bacteria according to the gram stain (gram positive cocci, gram positive bacilli, or gram negative bacilli).arrow_forward
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