The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons. Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained. Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

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Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 25.20SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons.

Interpretation: The chemical reaction which is used to distinguish between a polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty hydrocarbons is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Saponification is the base-promoted hydrolysis of the esters linkages that are present in fats and oils. Hydrogenation is a chemical process in which hydrogen reacts with an organic compound and saturation of unsaturated liquid oils with hydrogen atoms. Ozonolysis is the process of reacting ozone with alkene compounds and form the ozonolysis product.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 25.1P Ch. 25.3A - Prob. 25.2P Ch. 25.3B - Give an equaton for the complete transestenfcation...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25.4P Ch. 25.4 - Several commercial laundry soaps contain...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25.6P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25.7P Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 25.8P Ch. 25.6 - How would you use a simple extraction to separate...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 25.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the chemical reaction used to distinguish between polyunsaturated vegetable oil and petroleum oil containing a mixture of saturated

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