Chapter 25, Problem 25.15SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with $\text{NaOH}$ in water.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with $\text{NaOH}$ in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The mixture of sodium hydroxide (Strong base) and water is used to convert ester into an ester salt of metallic sodium. The mechanism of the reaction comprises three steps. The first step is the addition of nucleophile. The second step is elimination of the leaving group. The third step is the deprotonation of carboxylic acid by methoxide ion.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{H}}_2$ and nickel catalyst.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{H}}_2$ and a nickel catalyst is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Hydrogen gas in the presence of metal catalyst is used to reduce unsaturated hydrocarbon to saturated hydrocarbon.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{Br}}_2$ in ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{Br}}_2$ in ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The reaction of an alkene with ${\text{Br}}_2$ in ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ results in the cleavage of double bond and thereby bromine atom attached to each carbon atom. The stereochemistry of the reaction is inversion of configuration.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ozone and then dimethyl sulphide.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein ozone and then dimethyl sulphide is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ozonolysis is the oxidative cleavage of the double bond, where $\text{C=C}$ bond breaks and hence formation of $\text{C}-\text{O}$ bond takes place. During oxidative cleavage, ketone or aldehyde formation takes place.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with warm ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ in water.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with warm ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidising agent. In hot water it cleaves unsaturated hydrocarbon and convert it into acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}/\text{Zn}\left(\text{Cu}\right)$.

Interpretation: The product obtained from the reaction of triolein with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}/\text{Zn}\left(\text{Cu}\right)$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Simmons-smith reactions are those in which methylene iodide reacts with zinc-copper to gives a carbenoid which is known as Simmons-smith reagent. This carbenoid reacts with an alkene to give cyclopropane product.