Biology Now with Physiology (Second Edition)
Biology Now with Physiology (Second Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780393631791
Author: Anne Houtman, Megan Scudellari, Cindy Malone
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 25, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction

Hormones are chemical messengers or signaling molecules secreted by the endocrine glands into body fluids. Hormones travel to target cells through the bloodstream and stimulate response. Hormones can bind only to the target cells based on the presence of specific receptors. Hormones are involved in the regulation of growth, development, metabolism, fluid concentration, blood pressure, and homeostasis in the body.

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Answer to Problem 1TQ

Hormones are signaling molecules and they coordinate various internal activities, which are important for growth and reproduction of an organism.

Therefore, the option (c) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Hormones are signaling molecules that regulate various cellular activities under specific situations in the life cycle of an organism or individual. Secretory cells of the endocrine system produce hormones. Hormones enable communication of cells with one another. Lower concentrations of hormones can generate a large amount of internal signal in the target cells due to their specificity.

Option (c) is given as “signaling molecules”.

Hence, the option (c) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “secretory cells”.

The specialized secretory cells (of the endocrine system) produce hormones. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given as “endocrine glands”.

Secreted cells are organized into discrete organs are known as endocrine glands. Endocrine glands release hormones into the circulatory system for transportation of hormones to the target cells. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “target cells”.

Hormones travels to the target cells through body fluid and produce a response. The binding of hormones to their target cell receptors serves to exert effects of hormones. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Hormones are signaling molecules produced by secretory cells.

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