Chapter 25, Problem 1PS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The discovery, prominent scientist and the significance of the discovery of the development of the field should be explained.

Answer to Problem 1PS

(a). In 1896 Henri Becquerel was discovered the radioactivity.

(b). Marie and Pierre Curie was discovered the Polonium and Radium.

(c). Rutherford introduced the artificial nuclear reaction.

(d). Fermi, absorption of neutrons by a nucleus with subsequent release of a gamma ray. (e). Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann discovered the nuclear fission reaction.

Explanation of Solution

(a). In 1896 Henri Becquerel was discovered the radioactivity, Henri Becquerel exposed potassium uranyl sulfate to sunlight and then placed it on photographic plates covered in black paper, the uranium absorbed the sun’s energy and then emitted it as x-rays.

This introduced a new area of studies.

(b). Marie and Pierre Curie was discovered the Polonium and Radium, she explained that Polonium and Radium separated from pitchblende. The discovery of new elements based on the radioactivity of the elements.

(c). Rutherford introduced the artificial nuclear reaction, he proposed bombarded of N¹⁴ with alpha particle and he noticed that protons and O¹⁷ as a products.

(d). It used in the transmutation of one element in to another element in the human body.

Fermi, absorption of neutrons by a nucleus with subsequent release of a gamma ray. Production of more nuclei and the use of this process to produce many of the radioisotopes used in medicine.

(e). Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann discovered the nuclear fission reaction. Lise Meitner explained about the bombarding the uranium with neutrons which explains about the formation of barium as a products. Nuclear reaction is used in the field of atomic bombs and nuclear energy plants.

Conclusion

The discovery, prominent scientist and the significance of the discovery of the development of the field is explained.