For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn. Concept introduction: Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition. The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring. To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Question

Predict the major organic product(s) of the following reactions. Indicate which of the following mechanisms is in operation: SN1, SN2, E1, or E2.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 6

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 7

Chapter 24.5, Problem 9PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.

The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.

To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 9PTS

Chapter 24 Solutions