EBK ESSENTIALS OF ECONOMICS
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220102452107
Author: Mankiw
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 24, Problem 4QR
To determine
Pessimism and aggregate
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Suppose that survey measures of consumer confidence indicates a wave of pressimism is sweeping the country. If policy maker do nothing, what will happen to aggregate demand? What should the fed do of it wants to stabilize the aggregate demand? If fed does nothing then what congress should do to stabilize the aggregate demand?
Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy. What will happen to aggregate demand and to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep output stable? What might the Federal Reserve do?
As you have learned in Unit 8 (this week), monetary and fiscal policy play important roles in economic stimulation and or stabilization. In this regard: a. When is it appropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? b. When is it inappropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? c. What specific fiscal policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? d. What specific monetary policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? e. What is your conclusion, should policymakers use the monetary and or fiscal policy to stimulate aggregate demand? Explain briefly.
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- Start with a brief introduction that explains use of Government policy to control the economy. When is it appropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? Look at both. When is it inappropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? Look at both. What specific fiscal policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? What specific monetary policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? What is your conclusion, should policymakers use the monetary and or fiscal policy, or a combination of both, to stimulate aggregate demand? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardMost economists agree that individual consumers and business cannot pull the economy out of a severe recession without help from either the government or the Federal Reserve. Which group(s) believe fiscal policy is ineffective: Keynesians or Monetarists? Briefly explain the answer. Which group(s) believe monetary policy is ineffective in the short run: Keynesians or Monetarists? Briefly explain the answer. Which group(s) believe monetary policy is ineffective in the long run: Keynesians or Monetarists? Briefly explain the answer.arrow_forwardHow do changes in aggregate demand and aggregate supply might cause inflation in the economy?arrow_forward
- A news headline reads, "Time for change: let free market forces determine the money supply." Which statement offers a valid claim in direct support of this headline? Congress affects the economy through fiscal policy; controlling the money supply is unnecessary. Congress should lose its role in fiscal policy; it often fails to influence the money supply. The Fed is just as important as Congress, as monetary policy works differently in the economy. The Fed should be controlled by Congress, and monetary policy should be publicly voted upon.arrow_forwardWhile the economy is at potential output, the government increases spending. The following table describes the aggregate demand curves before and after an increase in government spending, where real GDP is expressed as the percent deviation from potential GDP and inflation is expressed as a percentage: Real GDP (Before) 2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 Real GDP (After) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 In the long run, what is the inflation rate after the increase in government spending? Inflation 3.0 4.0 5.0 7.0 9.0arrow_forwardIf the economy is in long run economic equilibrium, at potential GDP, and full employment has been reached as well, if there is an outward shift in aggregate demand, we can expect damaging inflation to start to occur and the government to seek contractionary fiscal and monetary options. True or Falsearrow_forward
- What is the difference between fiscal and monetary policy? What fiscal and monetary steps can the government and the central bank undertake during times of recession to help the economy? What are the pros and cons of fiscal and monetary policy?arrow_forwardDoes the monetary and fiscal policy have lags? Give your explanation!arrow_forwardIf there is a decrease in inflation what happens to aggregate supply. Aggregate demand would shift downwards because it would fall but would supply be affected by this? With this shift in inflation and the decrease in demand what would policy makers do in response to this?arrow_forward
- Read the following quote and explain in complete sentences whether it discusses fiscal policy, monetary policy or both. “Taking substantial action at this point, though, would send what could be a negative message to the market — that the balance sheet runoff, which former Chair Janet Yellen said would be ‘like watching paint dry,’ is running into snags and requires corrective action. However, the Fed would have no choice if there are indications that it can't control the market movements, particularly considering the record level of Treasury debt the government has issued this year.”arrow_forwarda) Discuss monetary policy and fiscal policy by comparing and contrasting their effects in the short run and in the long run. b) Why do we say that monetary policy is neutral in the long run? If so, why is it being used and considered as useful? c) Can we say that fiscal policy is neutral as well?arrow_forwardProvide arguments why should policymakers use fiscal and monetary instruments to control aggregate demand and stabilize the economy. If so, when? If not, why not?arrow_forward
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